Materials Literature
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The dynamic contact angle formed when silicone oil displaces air from the surface of glass has been measured. Even though the glass was neither treated in any special way nor cleaned by an elaborate technique, the standard deviation associated with our measurements was approximately 1·5°. A sequence of experiments rev…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRelationships between stress, strain, and molecular constitution of polymer networks. Comparison of theory with experimentsBurak Erman and Paul J. FloryCite this: Macromolecules 1982, 15, 3, 806–811Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystal structures, magnetic anisotropy properties and orbital interactions in catena-(.mu.-nitrito)-bis(ethylenediamine)nickel(II) perchlorate and triiodideAnne Meyer, Alain Gleizes, Jean Jacques Girerd, Michel Verdaguer, and Olivier KahnCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1982, 21, 5,…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffects of annealing and prior history on enthalpy relaxation in glassy polymers. 1. Experimental study on poly(vinyl chloride)Alan R. Berens and I. M. HodgeCite this: Macromolecules 1982, 15, 3, 756–761Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1982Publication History Published online…
Polypyrrole films were deposited on platinum and tantalum and used as electrodes. The results indicate that these films are porous to solvent and electrolyte ions, and this porosity is responsible for the apparent reversible electrochemical behavior previously observed with many redox couples at polypyrrole on Pt. The…
A strain of Alcaligenes faecalis T1, which was isolated from activated sludge, excreted an extracellular poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase as it grew in a medium containing poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) as the sole carbon source. The molecular weight of the enzyme, purified from the culture medium to electrophoretic homo…
SUMMARY We have tested a wide range of acrylate and methacrylate resin formulations and have concluded that embedding resins can be developed which are usable within a broad range of environmental conditions. To demonstrate this versatility, we have designed two highly‐cross‐linked resins, one polar and the other nonp…
An estimate of the intrinsic thermodynamic efficiency of heat to electrical energy conversion of a specific ferroelectric material, Pb0.99Nb0.02(Zr0.68,Sn0.25Ti0.07)0.98O3, is made. Measurements of pyroelectric effect, electrocaloric effect and polarization versus electric field are combined to yield an efficiency est…
The phase transformation from the tetragonal to the hexagonal crystal modification in highly oriented lamellae of poly-butene-1 has been followed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It is found that the reaction-controlling step is the nucleation process. No lattice orientation relationship (besides the [001]-d…
A crystallisation of a closed PL-manifold is an edgecoloured graph, which represents it via a contracted triangulation. Any two crystallisations of the same manifold are proved to be joined by a finite sequence of moves, two alternative sets of which are defined. A further move for dimension 3 is introduced.
Pitting potentials have been measured potentiodynamically for Type 304 stainless steel in neutral or mildly acidic solutions containing 0.25M NaCl and various concentrations of sulfur species from 0 to 2 molar. Additions of 0.01 to 0.02M Na2S2O3 lowered the pitting potential by more than 300 mV, while additions of mor…
Pressure-induced phase transitions have been found in ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$O and ${\mathrm{Ag}}_{2}$O by high-pressure x-ray diffraction technique at room temperature. ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$O transforms from the cuprite to a hexagonal structure at a pressure of 10 GPa. This hexagonal form changes in the pressure range from…
The temperature dependence of the lattice constant in Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 single crystal was studied by means of X-ray diffraction. Two structural phase transitions were found in the temperature range 293-920 K: the cubic-to-tetragonal at 793 ± 5 K and the tetragonal-to-rhombohedral at 533 ± 5 K. The dielectric permittivit…
Impurity doping effects on the properties of lead zirconate-titanate ceramics have been investigated from the internal bias field viewpoint. The internal bias field is strengthened by doping with single or multiple acceptors, but is weakened by single or multiple donors. Equimolar mixed acceptor and donor dopants have…
In this paper we discuss the quantum efficiency of the metastable4F_{3/2}state in Nd:YAG. We show that the vibronic interaction disrupts the equality between absorption and emission cross section ("reciprocity") upon which spectroscopic quantum efficiency measurements are based. Even if the electron-lattice coupling i…
Particles which undergo a stress‐induced martensitic transformation are known to toughen certain brittle materials. The enhanced toughness can be considered to originate from the residual strain fields which develop following transformation and tend to limit the crack opening. The increased toughness can estimated fro…
At -30 degrees C the ferroelectric dicalcium strontium propionate (DSP), is tetragonal with space group P4 1 (C 4 2 ) or P4 3 (C 4 4 ), with a=12.452(2) AA, c=17.217(4) AA, Z=4. There are six independent propionate groups in the structure, two of which have statistical disorder (static or dynamic) of their methyl carb…
Estimates were obtained of the intrinsic optical losses in glassy As 2 S 3 and As 2 Se 3 in the high-transparency range. It was found that minimum losses of 0.5 dB/km could be reached in the wavelength range 5–6 μ .
The properties of magnetic insulators containing orbitally degenerate transition metal ions (Jahn-Teller ions) are discussed. The Jahn-Teller effect in these insulators causes structural phase transitions, lowers the lattice symmetry, and gives rise to an orbital ordering. Various interactions responsible for these ef…
The microstructure of ortical thin films is strongly columnar with a large internal surface area and void volume. This structure has great influence on the optical and mechanical properties of the films and is responsible for many of the difficulties experienced with the fabrication and subsequent performance of optic…