Materials Literature
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The electronic structure of nanocrystalline Si which shows visible photoluminescence is calculated using the density-functional approach for finite structures. Except for geometry this is the same theory as for first-principles band structures of semiconductors and other solids. Our results for clusters ranging up to…
A homogeneous system for the selective, catalytic oxidation of methane to methanol via methyl bisulfate is reported. The net reaction catalyzed by mercuric ions, Hg(II), is the oxidation of methane by concentrated sulfuric acid to produce methyl bisulfate, water, and sulfur dioxide. The reaction is efficient. At a met…
Single-domain microcrystals of LaC(2) encapsulated within nanoscale polyhedral carbon particles have been synthesized in a carbon arc. Typical particle sizes are on the order of 20 to 40 nanometers. The stoichiometry and phase of the La-containing crystals have been assigned from characteristic lattice spacings observ…
The reaction between methane and oxygen over platinum and rhodium surfaces in metalcoated ceramic monoliths can be made to produce mostly hydrogen and carbon monoxide (greater than 90% selectivity for both) with almost complete conversion of methane and oxygen at reaction times as short as 10(-3) seconds. This process…
The dielectric constants of a series of hydrothermally grown berlinite crystals containing increasing amounts of H 2 O were determined using a two-terminal method and empirically determined edge corrections with kappa 11 T ranging from 4.67 to 4.86 and kappa 33 T from 4.54 to 4.76. The extrapolated values for 'dry' be…
The reversible photoisomerization of azobenzene derivatives is known for its anisotropic properties. We study the dichroism and the anisotropy induced by a linearly polarized pump in DR1 doped PMMA films and in a copolymer of PMMA and DR1. We demonstrate the competition of three processes, the angular hole burning (AH…
The range of optical and thermal properties offered by Nd-doped phosphate glasses allows these materials to service a variety of laser applications. For example, the high extraction efficiency, low non-linear index and superb optical quality render Nd:phosphate glasses suitable for large-scale fusion laser technology.…
Proton induced absorption over the 350 nm to 2500 nm spectral region and the growth of that absorption with increasing dosage was determined for four glasses (Schott glasses FK3, SF57, IRG7, and Corning Glass Works fused silica 7940). For FK3 and SF57 we can compare the proton induced absorption with x- ray induced ab…
The structural model of fluoride phosphate glasses can be described as Al(F,O)<SUB>6</SUB>-octahedral chains bonding by mono- and diphosphate groups and cations. Proofs are given of Raman and NMR spectroscopy. These glasses posses special optical properties making them attractive candidates for application in high per…
Stable nematic director fields of liquid crystals confined to cylindrical cavities which enforce homogeneous concentric anchoring depend on the competition between azimuthal and polar molecular anchoring strengths and the surface elastic constant ${\mathit{K}}_{24}$. Deuterium nuclear-magnetic-resonance line shapes of…
The soft potential model (an extension of the tunneling model to include soft localized vibrations) is shown to describe the anomalous features of the specific heat ${\mathit{C}}_{\mathit{P}}$ and the thermal conductivity of glasses over the entire low-temperature range, up to an including the peak in ${\mathit{C}}_{\…
Abstract Three‐ and four‐element mechanical analogues are commonly used to describe viscoelastic behavior in creep (deformation under constant force or stress) but not in stress relaxation (stress response after a suddenly imposed, constant strain). Mathematical models of the mechanical analogues in stress–relaxation…
Abstract Melt blends of ABS and PMMA were prepared using three types of ABS having different acrylonitrile (AN) content, and PMMAs with different MW. From TEM micrographs, it was found that ABSs containing 24 and 27 wt % AN were miscible, and the one containing 35 wt % AN was immiscible with PMMA. Morphologically misc…
Abstract The structures of various ordered, but non-periodic, systems have been investigated and exhibit features which can be directly described by means of a construction which the authors call the shift lattice, which is a simple generalization of the concept of the lattice. This paper is devoted to a description o…
Abstract Low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) films cografted with vinylene carbonate (VCA) and N ‐vinyl‐ N ‐methylacetamide (VIMA) were studied as a matrix for the immobilization of the enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP) either by direct fixation or by inserting spacers. When water‐soluble alkyldiamines such as diaminoethy…
Abstract Graft‐copolymerization of acrylamide (AAm) on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films using benzoyl peroxide (Bz 2 O 2 ) initiator has been studied. Four organic solvents, namely, pyridine (Py), 1,2‐dichloroethane (DCE), DEC/H 2 O (20/80, v/v), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), were used as swelling agents. DMS…
Abstract Melt rheological properties of the ternary blend of isotactic polypropylene (PP), styreneethylene–butylene–styrene terpolymer (SEBS), and polycarbonate (PC), PP/SEBS/PC, are studied in a wide range of composition, such that PP is the matrix and SEBS and PC are the minor components, with the proportion of one…
The theoretical yield of poly-D(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) has been estimated from the biochemical pathway leading to PHB when a carbohydrate (glucose), a C(1) compound (methanol), a C(2) compound (acetic acid), or a C(4) compound (butyric acid) is used as a carbon source. In estimating the yield, recycling (or regene…
A method for preparing single-phase ingots of GeTe-rich solid solutions (x<or=0.20) in the system (GeTe) 1- x (AgBiTe 2 ) x is developed. The temperature dependence (77 to approximately=900 K) of the thermoelectric power is measured. The curves for GeTe and GeTe-rich solid solutions are of similar shape. Using convent…
The nucleation and growth of diamond on pretreated Si substrates were studied. The diamond films were produced by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The pretreatment consisted of an amorphous carbon film also deposited by microwave PECVD. The Si was previously scratched with 0.5 μm diamond pa…