Materials Literature
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The thermodynamics of stressed crystals that can change phase and composition is examined with particular attention to hypotheses used and approximations made, Bulk and surface conditions are obtained and for each of them practical expressions are given in terms of experimentally measurable quantities.The concept of o…
Electron microscopic morphometric techniques were used to measure accurately the cytoplasm and frustule volumes of 12 naturally occurring planktonic diatoms in the Laurentian Great Lakes. In addition, cytoplasm volumes were measured in 6 other algal species. Estimates of carbon content were then made by converting mea…
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to investigate a range of manganese oxide compounds and the initial stages of oxidation of manganese metal. It is shown that the Mn 2p3/2 binding energy, the extent of multiplet splitting of the 3s level, and the O Is : Mn 2p3/2 signal intensity ratio vary systematically…
Nonlinear least-squares curve fitting is used to analyze Ni 2p spectra obtained from various nickel-oxygen compounds and Ni/Al 2 O 3 catalysts. Apart from NiO, which shows a characteristic discrete satellite peak 2 eV from the main 2p 3/2 peak, all other spectra exhibit variable peak asymmetry assigned to multiplet sp…
Measurement of the amount of electric charge (coulombs) generated during electrochemical reactivation from a potential in the passive range to the corrosion potential has been used to detect susceptibility to intergranular attack associated with precipitation of chromium carbides at grain boundaries. The surfaces to b…
A number of models for the analysis of moment structures, such as LISREL, have recently been shown to be capable of being given a particularly simple and economical representation, in terms of the Reticular Action Model (RAM). In contrast to previous treatments, a formal algebraic treatment is provided which shows tha…
A convenient and accurate technique for measuring the birefringence of liquid crystals at discrete wavelengths or as a continuous function of wavelength in the ultraviolet, visible, or infrared spectral regions is described. The method is based on determination of the phase differences which occur when monochromatic p…
The higher second-harmonic efficiency, in powder, of a new organic molecular crystal N-(4-nitrophenyl)-(L)-prolinol (NPP) is reported. Electronic polarizability of NPP molecules relates to that of other para-nitroaniline-like structures such as that of previously reported N-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) methyl alaninate (MAP),…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface selection rules for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: calculations and application to the surface-enhanced Raman spectrum of phthalazine on silverM. Moskovits and J. S. SuhCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 23, 5526–5530Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1984Pu…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy of Rhodamine 6G adsorbed on colloidal silverPeter Hildebrandt and Manfred StockburgerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 24, 5935–5944Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Publishe…
The room-temperature structure of ferroelectric dicalcium lead propionate, DLP, has been determined: it is tetragonal with space group P4 1 (C 4 2 ) or P4 3 (C 4 4 ) with a=12.510(3) AA, c=17.314(2) AA, z=4. One of the six independent propionate groups in the structure is found to have its methyl carbon statistically…
The apparently large long-time-tail contribution to the stress-tensor autocorrelation function observed in computer simulations is explained on the basis of a generalized modecoupling theory. This theory includes effects that occur on a molecular length scale where structural relaxation is important. These structural…
Positive muons were injected into both trans- and cis-${(\mathrm{CH})}_{x}$ as well as ${(\mathrm{CD})}_{x}$. A marked difference was found in the field dependence of the muon spin-relaxation functions between cis- and trans-polyacetylene. A quantitative explanation was obtained by considering the unpaired electron pr…
Below 160 K, crystalline ${\mathrm{Na}}_{2}$[Fe${(\mathrm{CN})}_{5}$NO] \ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{} 2${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$O is transformed into an extremely longliving metastable state ($\ensuremath{\tau}>{10}^{7}$ sec) by irradiation with 400-540-nm light. At $T>160$ K and by irradiation with red li…
Energies of N equivalent electrons expressed in terms of two-electron energies and independent three-electron parameters: a new complete set of orthogonal operators. II. Application to 3dN configurations, P H M Uylings, A J J Raassen, J F Wyart
Reports resistivity measurements along the high-conductivity axis of Per 2 Pt(mnt) 2 , Per 2 Pd(mnt) 2 and Per 2 -Au(mnt) 2 . At low temperatures a clear metal-insulator phase transition is observed at 6.5K and 28K, respectively for the first two salts, while it appears very gradually for the Au salt. The X-ray study…
Amorphous films of a photochromic spiropyran containing a mesogenic group melt, when exposed to heat together with irradiation, to yield a red fluid. This fluid contains aggregates of merocyanine molecules and exhibits marked contraction under light illumination. The mechanism of the photocontraction is dependent upon…
One of the contributions to the enthalpy of formation ΔH of substitutional metallic solid solutions is the elastic energy due to atomic size mismatch between solute and solvent. Starting with a formula due to Eshelby and valid in the dilute regime, a multi-step process is derived which permits to generalize Eshelby's…
We discuss properties of bound magnetic polarons in an antiferromagnetic semiconductor placed in an external magnetic field. When the strength of the exchange coupling between the electron spin and local moments is increased, there can be an abrupt transition between a large and a small bound magnetic polaron. Associa…
Starting with electron energies above a few keV, all materials show an increase in the number of secondary and backscattered primary electrons with decreasing primary energy. The number of secondary plus backscattered electrons becomes equal to the number of primaries at two energies called the first and second crosso…