Materials Literature
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CuInSe2 photoanodes can be optimized for use in electrochemical photovoltaic cells, containing aqueous polyiodide as the electrolyte, by wet chemical etching in Br2MeOH and subsequent thermal treatment (air oxidation). Surface analyses show the formation of a rather clean, Cu-depleted surface with some adsorbed oxygen…
We show that the anchoring energy function, i.e., the anisotropic part of the interfacial free energy, at a nematic liquid crystal-wall interface can be determined uniquely without a numerical fitting procedure, when the integrated birefringence of a liquid crystal cell with a thickness much larger than the extrapolat…
A theoretical calculation of the electronic contribution to the thermal conductivity ( lambda e ) of narrow band gap semiconductors is presented which takes into account the non-parabolic nature and multivallied structure of the energy bands including intervalley scattering. The analysis indicates a significant reduct…
A NATO Advanced Study Institute on Fundamentals of Transport Phenomena in Porous Media will be held July 14–23, 1985, in Newark, Del. Directors of the institute are Jacob Bear, Department of Civil Engineering, Technion‐Israel Institute of Technology, and M. Yavuz Corapciogiu, Department of Civil Engineering, Universit…
It is believed that covalent glasses can be divided into two classes: those with high average coordination (amorphous solids) and those with low average coordination (polymeric glasses). We present the first conclusive evidence that this division is correct by calculating the elastic properties of random networks with…
A quasi-crystalline solid is an aperiodic array of atoms which gives rise to Bragg-like diffraction peaks. Using the projection method for generating such structures, the authors provide a simple derivation of this paradoxical behaviour.
The Peierls transition in the quasi-one-dimensional conductor K 0.3 MoO 3 has been studied to clarify its dynamical nature and the electron correlation problem. A giant Kohn anomaly and the central peak in S(q, omega ) were observed. The amplitude below the transition temperature T c was also measured. An asymmetry of…
Discusses all aspects of coating technology, including how coatings are prepared, their compositions, how they are applied, and the conditions that control their ultimate performance. Covers the newest coating applications, particularly those developed to enhance energy savings and conform to pollution regulations. Wr…
ABSTRACT Advantage of the application of high strength steels to offshore structures was investigated on the basis of fatigue strength. It was concluded that the tethers of a tension leg platform are one of the typical structural components which can make the best use of a high strength steel. Basic corrosion fatigue…
Refractive-index and linear-birefringence measurements on $\mathrm{K}{\mathrm{Ta}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Nb}}_{x}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, with $x=0.008, 0.012, \mathrm{and} 0.02$, reveal smeared phase transitions into long-range order. In accordance with previous caloric, second-harmonic---generation, dielectric, and x…
Many of the early transition elements form large polynuclear metal-oxygen anions containing up to 200 atoms or more. Although these polyoxoanions have been investigated for more than a century, detailed studies of structure and reactivity were not possible until the development of modern x-ray crystallographic and nuc…
In the study of the fundamental mechanism of growth and nucleation of a crystal from an aqueous solution, it is essential that the structural nature of the supersaturated liquid be as well understood as possible. It is suspected that the species diffusing to the surface of growing crystals are not single ions but eith…
At temperatures above ∼180°C, trace levels of oxygen react with the Si‒H bond of to form an "Si‐OH" species, which in turn complexes impurities in the , such as or . Purification occurs during a subsequent distillation step which separates the purified from the less volatile complex and . In the laboratory‐scale studi…
Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Erik D. Johnson, Robert P. Merrill; Summary Abstract: Characterization of planar aluminas by x‐ra…
The continuously increasing paper machine speeds and widths have contributed to the growing importance of dryer section runnability. To obtain an optimal way of operating the dryer section, the papermakers can have access to dryer section surveys performed by machine manufacturers and suppliers of ventilation equipmen…
A very short pulse voltage traveling on a corona transmission line producing streamer coronas is subjected to a time-dependent distortion of its waveform owing to energy consumption by coronas. In the case of a wire-to-duct corona transmission line, only negative streamers appear from the edges of a corona wire. On th…
Mit dem bereits früher vorgestellten Simulationsmodell wird der Stofftransport durch Blasenschwärme untersucht, wobei die kontinuierliche Konzentrationsabnahme der im Bad gelösten Stoffe, der relative Gasgehalt der Schmelze und die Geschwindigkeit der Blasen im Schwarm zusätzlich berücksichtigt wurden. Dabei wurde fes…
The results of an investigation of a technique for determining the complex dynamic bulk modulus of elastomers via inversion of acoustic scattering data obtained in water are described. Least-squares fitting determines the set of expansion coefficients which is most consistent with measured scattered pressures. The zer…
In this paper we report the ferroelectric glass-ceramics possessing both piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties. The properties can be comparable to those of corresponding ceramics or single crystals.
Abstract The atomic scattering factor f h for elastic scattering of electromagnetic radiation depends strongly on electronic charge distribution n ( r ) in the atom. Deviations of recently measured f h 's from those calculated from free‐atom electron states confirm the notion that n ( r ) gets appreciably modified in…