Materials Literature
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Transport of positive charge deposited by a corona discharge on the open nitride surface of a silicon nitride (150 nm)/silicon oxide (300 nm) double layer on silicon substrate is studied by determining the location of the charge centroid with a capacitance–voltage method used in conjunction with surface-potential meas…
We present an optical study of 2H-TaSe2 along the less conducting c-axis. This dichalcogenide compound belongs to a large class of conductors called "bad metals" (with a mean free path smaller than the lattice constant along the c-axis), which also includes the superconducting cuprates. The optical response shows the…
Electromigration results have provided clear evidence of a short or “Blech” length effect in dual- damascene, Cu/oxide, multilinked interconnects. The test structure incorporates a repeated chain of Blech-type line elements and is amenable to failure analysis tools such as focused ion beam imaging. This large intercon…
The optical absorption spectrum in nanocrystalline silicon $(n\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Si})$ was determined from both light transmittance and reflectance measurements. We observed that $n\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Si}$ has a phonon structure in the optical absorption spectrum. This structure originates from momentum-conservin…
We have used high-resolution transmission electron microscopy to resolve the [0001] projected basal plane structure and chirality relationships in boron nitride nanotubes. Evidence for tube growth along both 〈101̄0〉 and 〈112̄0〉 is found. Our results suggest that the 〈112̄0〉 (armchair) tubes form first. Subsequent grow…
First-principles methods are used to investigate the self-interstitial and its aggregates in diamond. The experimental assignment of the spin-1 $R2$ EPR center to the single interstitial has been questioned because of the small fine-structure term observed. We calculate the spin-spin interaction tensor for the three i…
Data on the mechanism of thermal decomposition of silanes are generalised. The main stages of the process are distinguished and characterised. Attention is concentrated on the elementary homogeneous reactions, deposition of silicon from the gas phase and formation of aerosols. Various models of formation of aerosols a…
Toxicity of products from polyester hydrolysis such as succinic acid (SA), adipic acid (AA), mandelic acid (MA), terephthalic acid (TA), 1,4-butanediol (1,4-B), ethylene glycol (EG), styrene glycol (SG) and 1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol (1,4-C) was evaluated by phytotoxicity test on germination of young radish seeds and…
Abstract The hydrogen‐bonding strength of poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (PCL) blends with three different well‐known hydrogen‐bonding donor polymers [i.e., phenolic, poly(vinyl‐phenol) (PVPh), and phenoxy] was investigated with differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. All blends exhibited…
Epitaxial anatase thin films were fabricated on lattice-matched (−0.2%) LaAlO3 (001) substrates in the layer-by-layer fashion by laser molecular-beam epitaxy. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope show the films to exhibit high crystallinity and atomically defined interfaces. By virtue of the adoption…
Strong magneto-optical effect of Zn1−xCoxO near the optical band gap is reported. Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) and Faraday rotation of Zn1−xCoxO (x=0.012 and 0.016) at 5 K are as high as 2°/cm Oe at 3.4 eV, which are about two orders larger than those of ZnO. Absence of strong Co2+ d–d* transition near the optica…
We show that the field of application of cold electron film emitters can be extended to nonplanar geometries by demonstrating a cylindrical field emission diode. The cathode is a metallic wire on which multiwall carbon nanotubes are grown by the catalytic decomposition of acetylene over a Fe catalyst. The emitter show…
A combination of experiments and first-principles calculations is used to show that grain boundaries in SrTiO3 are intrinsically nonstoichiometric. Total-energy calculations reveal that the introduction of nonstoichiometry into the grain boundaries is energetically favorable and results in structures that are consiste…
Abstract Intercalated and exfoliated nanocomposites were prepared by the extrusion and injection of polyamide‐6 and highly swollen or slightly swollen montmorillonite, respectively. The microstructure of pure compounds was characterized. The basal spacing was more homogeneous in swollen montmorillonite than in nontrea…
The Rietveld refinement of synchrotron-radiation diffraction has been performed to investigate the displacive-type ferroelectricity and crystal chemistry for Sr-deficient and Bi-excess strontium bismuth tantalate. The analysis of ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.73}{\mathrm{Bi}}_{2.18}{\mathrm{Ta}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{9}$ demonstrates…
Scanning force microscopy (SFM) has been used to perform nanoscale studies of the switching behavior of Pb(Zr, Ti)O3 thin films via the direct observation of their domain structures. The study revealed a significant asymmetry of a switching pattern which is a function of the voltage polarity and original domain struct…
We have fabricated a thin film magnetic system consisting of nanoscale Mn11Ge8 ferromagnetic clusters embedded in a MnxGe1−x dilute ferromagnetic semiconductor matrix. The clusters form for growth temperatures of ∼300 °C with an average diameter and spacing of 100 and 150 nm, respectively. While the clusters dominate…
Effects of chemical substitution of the divalent transition metals has been systematically investigated in Mg$_{1-x}M_x$B$_2$ (x=0.03; M=Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Zn). Substitution of magnetic ions, i.e., Mn$^{2+}$, Fe$^{2+}$, Co$^{2+}$ and Ni$^{2+}$, for the Mg$^{2+}$ ion suppresses $T_{\rm c}$: d$T_{\rm c}$/d$x$ is the lar…
We report on the fabrication and characterization of visible blind ultraviolet photodetectors based on MgxZn1−xO. Using pulsed laser deposition technique, Mg0.34Zn0.66O thin films with a bandgap of 4.05 eV were epitaxially grown on c-plane sapphire substrates. The structural, electrical, and optical properties of epil…
We present experimental evidence and a corresponding theory for the ferroelectric transition in the family of quasi-one-dimensional conductors (TMTTF)2X. We interpret this new transition in the frame of the combined Mott-Hubbard state taking into account the double action of the spontaneous charge disproportionation o…