Materials Literature
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A combination of thin-film deposition and physical masking steps were used to generate libraries of the rare earth activated refractory metal oxides, Gd(La,Sr)AlOx. Systematic variation of composition and processing conditions afforded tricolor phosphors with the following nominal compositions, (Gd0.46Sr0.31)Al1.23OxF…
Using the white line intensities, electron energy-loss spectroscopy in a transmission electron microscope has been employed to characterize the valence conversion and oxygen vacancies in La1−xCaxMnO3−y. For a nominal doping composition x=0.33, the ratio of Mn4+ to Mn3+ is determined to be more than 0.25 but less than…
In-plane surface gliding of a thermotropic nematic liquid crystal is investigated at substrates with weak azimuthal anchoring energy under different external electric fields parallel to the substrates. The anchoring is a result of photoinduced anisotropy in a poly-(vinyl)-alcohol alignment layer with embedded azodye m…
The full three-dimensional Peach-Koehler formalism is implemented numerically and used to investigate encounters between threading and misfit dislocations in a strained epitaxial layer. The possible outcomes of such interactions are found to include blocking, binding, repulsive passage, and attractive instabilities. W…
Silicon has been anodized such that the porous layer is passivated with a homogeneous stretching phase by incorporating H2O2 in the anodization mixture. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements show that the Si–H stretching mode oriented perpendicular to the surface at ∼2100 cm−1 dominates the spectrum wit…
We report ultraviolet (uv) Raman scattering studies of hydrogen-free, diamondlike amorphous carbon thin films with a wide range of tetrahedral bonding. The uv Raman spectra are shown to provide direct evidence for the presence of s${\mathrm{p}}^{3}$-bonded C atoms in these materials. The experimental results are found…
It is shown that thin layers of palladium coated magnesium lanthanide alloys reversibly go through an optical transition by variation of the hydrogen concentration, just as has recently been shown for pure lanthanides. With these layers optical switches can be constructed that exhibit three different optical states: a…
Polarizabilities of small ${\mathrm{Si}}_{n}$, ${\mathrm{Ge}}_{n}$ ( $n\ensuremath{\le}10$), and ${\mathrm{Ga}}_{n}{\mathrm{As}}_{m}$ ( $n+m\ensuremath{\le}8$) clusters are calculated using the higher-order finite-difference pseudopotential method in real space. We find the polarizabilities of the clusters considered…
Electro-optic modulation up to 113 GHz has been demonstrated using traveling wave polymer modulators. The modulation signal was directly detected at 1.3 μm using a laser heterodyne system with an external-cavity tunable semiconductor laser. The device optical response variation, as a function of frequency over the who…
The activation of p70s6k is accompanied by a complex series of phosphorylation events. In this review we propose a model of activation which divides p70s6k into four functional modules that cooperate in leading to full enzyme activity. In the light of the model, we suggest how candidate effectors of p70s6k activation…
The isotropic–nematic phase transition in a fluid of moderately long molecules interacting via a hard Gaussian overlap potential is studied using the decoupling approximation and computer simulation. Molecules of length-to-breadth ratios equal to 3 and 5, thought to set the relevant range of molecular elongations in r…
We demonstrate the possibility of using x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) to distinguish between the chemical properties of the neuron membrane and of the cytoplasm in brain cells. This was possible by analysing cells de-capped by using a newly developed technique. The XPS spectra clearly show chemical difference…
Cu - W multilayered films were properly designed according to an interfacial free-energy estimation such that an amorphous and three metastable crystalline FCC phases were formed by solid-state reaction in this immiscible system. To understand such alloying behaviour, a Gibbs free-energy diagram of the system was cons…
The secondary reaction of HCl with the growing metal oxide surface during atomic layer deposition from a metal chloride and water is investigated using model calculations. HCl released during chemisorption of a metal chloride occupies adsorption sites for the metal chloride which results in a decrease in the film thic…
Samples of the system (x = 0, 0.1,..., 0.7) were prepared by the usual ceramic technique. IR absorption spectra were used for analysing the compositions. The AC conductivity and dielectric properties (loss tangent tan , dielectric constant and dielectric loss ) have been measured at various frequencies and temperature…
Optical emission studies of molecules in plasma obtained by Nd:YAG laser ablation of graphite in a helium atmosphere are reported for irradiances in the range (1 - . The characteristics of the spectral emission intensity from the (Swan band) species have been investigated as functions of the distance from the target,…
Line widths and spin - spin relaxation times of P1 centres in synthetic Ib and natural Ia diamonds with concentrations of P1 and P2 centres covering the range 0.03 - 400 atomic parts per million have been measured. At concentrations higher than about ten atomic parts per million the line width is linearly dependent on…
Adhesional characteristics of an elastomeric liner composition toward a highly filled composite matrix and metal case were investigated. The system is composed of an excess isocyanate functionality in the elastomer compared to an excess hydroxyl functionality in the composite matrix. Both phases essentially contain th…
A disulfonyl chloride monomer having a pendent photoreactive diazoketone functional group has been synthesized in high overall yield (>90%). The synthesis involves a convenient two-step reaction sequence starting from commercially available 6-diazo-5-oxo-5,6-dihydro-1-naphthalenesulfonyl chloride, which was reacted wi…
Mimimizing a free-energy functional, we investigate the stability of ferroelectric fluid and various solid phases in the Stockmayer system. Our functional is based on the correlations of the isotropic fluid, calculated by integral equations. At the reduced dipole moment m * = 2.0 we found a ferroelectric fluid, but th…