Materials Literature
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This paper presents a control law for shape memory alloy (SMA) wire actuators. Unlike most laws reported in the literature, this control law includes both a feedback and an open-loop part. The open-loop part takes into account the stress - strain - temperature behaviour of SMA wires, as well as the dynamics of the hea…
β-Sitosterol, β-amyrin, 4-hydroxyacetophenone, 3,4-dihydroxyacetophenone, sitosteryl 3- O -β- d -glucopyranoside, cynandione A, and cynanonesides A ( 3 ) and B ( 4 ) were isolated from the roots of Cynanchum taiwanianum . The latter two compounds are new acetophenone glucosides, and their structures were elucidated on…
Systematic parameter studies were implemented to investigate the basic characteristics [plutonium and minor actinide (MA)-burning rate, burnup reactivity loss, Doppler coefficient, sodium void reactivity, maximum linear heat rate, etc.] of plutonium and MA-burning fast reactors and also to clarify the feasibility of s…
We present a new theoretical framework for a statistical mechanical and thermodynamic description of any general inhomogeneous system (not necessarily polymeric) in the presence of surfaces. The framework is an extension of a lattice theory recently developed for a homogeneous system and requires approximating the ori…
The corrosion behavior of ceria/titania coated 304 stainless steel (304 SS) was studied by anodic polarization measurements in 0.05 N NaCl. Coatings were prepared by sol‐gel methods, were approximately 0.5 μm thick and bonded well to the substrate. The as‐received stainless steel suffers sensitization at the coating c…
Temperature-induced variations of light refraction and dielectric permittivity in single-crystal Sr1−x BaxTiO3 (x=0.02, 0.05, 0.07, and 0.14), Sr1−x CaxTiO3 (x=0.014), and in nominally pure strontium titanate have been studied within the 17–300 K temperature range. The spontaneous polar contribution to the refractive…
Dynamic FT-IR spectra in the amide I region were measured for silk fibroin cast films. Phase analyses of the dynamic spectra were carried out in order to separate them into several components which are due to the secondary structures of fibroin. These observations showed that peak positions of the amide I bands were i…
Five active site residues, Thr11, Glu12, Lys15, Lys37, and Ser41, implicated by the protein crystal structure studies of Escherichia coli DTBS, were mutated to determine their function in catalysis and substrate binding. Nine mutant enzymes, T11V, E12A, E12D, K15Q, K37L, K37Q, K37R, S41A, and S41C, were overproduced i…
By combining vibrational spectra and ab initio calculations, we obtained a consistent description of the IR and nonresonant Raman spectra, including intensities, of four thiophene based polymers—undoped and heavily doped poly(thiophene) (PTh), undoped poly(thieno[3,4-b]benzene) (PITN), and poly(thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine)…
Density functional calculations are used to investigate the non-ferroelectric end-points of the KTN and PZT alloy systems and to address the errors in the local approximation for KNbO3. In PbZrO3, substantial hybridization is found between O 2p and Zr 4d states and between O 2p and Pb s and p states. A strong Γ point…
The reduction of rhodium(III) porphyrins in polar aprotic solvents is a two-electron irreversible reaction yielding directly the Rh(I) complex. The cause of this irreversibility is not the metal−metal dimerization of the initially formed Rh(II) complex as believed earlier but rather deligation which generates a second…
The compound ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ undergoes structural and magnetic phase transitions as a function of temperature and pressure. The temperature at which the structural phase transition from a high-temperature rhombohedral phase to a low-t…
Thiophenolate-capped nanoclusters of cadmium sulfide and the cadmium thiophenolate compounds Cd(SPh) 2, [Cd(SPh) 4 ](Me 4 N) 2, [Cd 4 (SPh) 10 ](Me 4 N) 2, and [Cd 4 X 4 (SPh) 6 ](Et 4 N) 2 (X = Cl, Br, I) have been studied by low-frequency FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy. In the spectrum of the cluster [S 4 Cd 10 (SPh)…
Chemical modification of isotactic polypropylene via a free-radical mechanism was studied using an on-line electron spin resonance spectrometer. Peroxides were used to provide primary radicals upon thermal decomposition at elevated temperatures for the generation of polymer backbone radicals. Four types of peroxides,…
It has been long thought that microscopic mechanisms related to magnetic short-range order were responsible for the temperature dependence of the electron paramagnetic resonance g tensor in low-dimensional magnetic systems. We show here that the demagnetizing field can explain qualitatively and quantitatively the obse…
Statistical model discrimination methods have been applied to the modeling of copolymerization kinetics in order to improve our ability to correctly choose between competing models. The objectives were to quantify the benefits of using model discrimination methods, to examine available copolymer measurements, and to r…
We consider the Hubbard model for electrons in a two-dimensional quasiperiodic tiling using the Hartree-Fock approximation. Numerical solutions are obtained for the first three square approximants of the perfect octagonal tiling. At half-filling, the magnetic state is antiferromagnetic. We calculate the distributions…
Organic single-crystal thin films (2−10 μm thick) of 1-(phenylazo)-2-naphthol (Sudan I) were grown by capillary filling from its molten state (∼133 °C) into cells constructed of two parallel pieces of indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass followed by slow cooling to room temperature. The solidified crystals were needle-…
Fully dense silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) has been produced by hot isostatically pressing α‐Si 3 N 4 powder at 1740°C under 160 MPa, with 0.5 wt% Y 2 O 3 and 0.5 wt% Al 2 O 3 as sintering additives. The sintered material was composed of very fine (0.5 μm) and equiaxed grains, as required for superplasticity. Before defo…
The oscillatory behavior of single crystalline n-Si(111) in dilute ammonium and sodium fluoride solutions is investigated. Simultaneous in-situ Fourier transform infrared analyses performed in the multiple internal reflection (FTIR-MIR) mode and photocurrent measurements show a pronounced variation in the integrated S…