Materials Literature
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The point defect model for steady‐state passive films formed anodically on metals in aqueous environments has been extended to include irreversible dissolution of the film and the irreversible generation and annihilation of cation and oxygen vacancies at the metal/film and film/solution interfaces. The model yields a…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMutual solubilities: water-ketones, water-ethers, and water-gasoline-alcoholsRichard M. StephensonCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1992, 37, 1, 80–95Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://pub…
Composite tubes can be reinforced with continuous fibers. When such tubes are subjected to crushing loads, the response is complex and depends on interaction between the different mechanisms that control the crushing process. The modes of crush ing and their controlling mechanisms are described. Also, the resulting cr…
1,2-Bis(2-methylbenzo[b]thiophen-3-yl)perfluorocylopentenes undergo thermally irreversible photochromic reactions in which colouration/decolouration cycles can be repeated more than 104 times without significant loss of performance.
The isomorphous substitution of Si by Ti in the zeolite Beta framework by direct hydrothermal synthesis gives rise to useful catalysts for the selective oxidation of small and large organic compounds.
A review of the literature is presented for the hydrolysis of alkoxysilane esters and for the condensation of silanols in solution or with surfaces. Studies using mono-, di-, and trifunctional silane esters and silanols with different alkyl substituents are used to discuss the steric and electronic effects of alkyl su…
How to fill space with atoms in condensed matter Real quasicrystals: preparation and characterization High-dimensional crystallography Where are the atoms? Phonons, phasons, and dislocations in quasicrystals A little more about the physics of quasicrystals.
Photoluminescence under 7.9-eV excimer-laser excitation was measured at room temperature on various types of high-purity silica glasses, which were classified based on the oxygen stoichiometry and OH concentrations. Several luminescence bands with different peak energies from 1.9 to 4.3 eV and decay constants were obs…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiatoms: powerful indicators of environmental changeSushil S. Dixit, John P. Smol, John C. Kingston, and Donald F. CharlesCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1992, 26, 1, 22–33Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published iniss…
Effect of chitosan coating on decay of strawberry fruits held at 13 C was investigated. Strawberry fruits were inoculated with spore suspensions of Botrytis cinerea or Rhizopus stolonifer and subsequently coated with chitosan solutions (10 or 15 mg/ml). After 14 days of storage, decay caused by B. cinerea or R. stolon…
The use of nanocomposites in materials processing can lead to monophasic or multiphasic ceramics, glasses or porous materials, with tailored and improved properties. This review deals with a variety of nanocomposites such as sol–gel, intercalation, entrapment, electroceramic and structural ceramic types, which exhibit…
A regioselective synthetic method to poly(3-alkylthiophenes) provides structurally homogeneous poly(3-dodecylthiophene), which upon oxidation with I2 leads to polymers with average conductivities of 600 cm–1 and maximum conductivities of 1000 S cm–1.
Gallium nitride was studied by Raman scattering and x-ray-absorption spectroscopy up to 60 GPa. A high-pressure structural phase transition was observed in gallium nitride at 47 GPa by means of Raman scattering and x-ray-absorption spectroscopy. We also report the direct determination of the bulk modulus ${\mathit{B}}…
Abstract Various copper and zinc compounds (Cu, Zn, CuZn alloy, Cu 2 O, CuO, Cu 2 S, ZnO, ZnS) have been synthesized and characterized by electron spectroscopy (XPS). Data on the 2 p 3/2 levels of Cu, Zn and S, the 1s level of O, the L 3 M 45 M 45 Auger transitions of Cu and Zn, the valence bands and the modified Aug…
The authors describe how the various model parameters needed to describe hysteresis on the basis of the Jiles-Atherton theory can be calculated from experimental measurements of the coercivity, remanence, saturation magnetization, initial anhysteretic susceptibility, initial normal susceptibility, and maximum differen…
The development of phytoplankton communities was studied in floating enclosures. The enclosures were supplied with either surface water or water from 40 m depth. Nutrients with or without silicate were added in some of the experiments, while others recieved no artificial fertilization. It is shown that diatom dominanc…
Preface. Foreword. Part I. Solid State. Part ii. Geology and Growth. Part III. Mechanical. Part IV. Industrial. Appendix.
ABSTRACT An edible wheat gluten film was developed and effects of gluten concentration, ethanol concentration (ET) and pH of the film‐forming solution on various film properties were evaluated using Response Surface Methodology. pH and ethanol concentration had strong interactive effects on film opacity, water solubil…
The antibacterial action of chitosan hydroglutamate (CH), chitosan lactate (CL) and chitosan derived from fungal mycelia was examined against both gram‐negative and gram‐positive bacteria. Plate counts indicated inactivation rates of one‐ to five‐log‐cycles within one hour. Fungal chitosan had significantly less antib…
We report femtosecond time-resolved pump-probe reflection experiments in semimetals and semiconductors that show large-amplitude oscillations with periods characteristic of lattice vibrations. Only ${\mathit{A}}_{1}$ modes are detected, although modes with other symmetries are observed with comparable intensity in Ram…