Materials Literature
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Partially derivatized cellulose esters were prepared from dissolving-grade wood pulp fibers by reaction with a mixed p-toluene sulfonic/hexanoic anhydride system in a nonswelling (cyclohexane-based) reaction medium. The partially derivatized pulp fibers, which failed to undergo a significant change in shape or appeara…
Current efforts of new stent technology have been aimed largely at the improvement of intravascular stent biocompatibility. Among the chemical characteristics of metallic stents, surface oxide corrosion properties are paramount. Using our unique technique, the currently marketed 316 L stainless steel and nitinol stent…
Investigations of impurity centers, electrical resistivity and microstructure of BaTiO3 ceramics doped with rare-earth ions Y, La, Nd, Sm, Dy and Lu at concentrations x = 0.001–0.005 were carried out. Electron paramagnetic resonance, X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy were used for measurements. The most intens…
The potential‐dependent breakdown of the native oxide film (∼20 Å thick) on titanium has been investigated in aqueous solutions and in solutions that contain a mixture of and anions that inhibit oxide breakdown ( i.e. , , , , , and . The oxide film is unstable in neutral pH solutions containing only , resulting in the…
Magnesium-lithium single crystals were stretched in the [11\bar20] direction to investigate the deformation behavior by non-basal slip. {11\bar22}〈\bar1\bar123〉 second order pyramidal slip is activated in magnesium −3.5 at%, −7.5 at% and −10.6 at% lithium alloy single crystals, and its yield stress shows anomalous tem…
The skin acts as a barrier to exogenous substances, pathogens, and trauma. Skin defects caused by burns, venous ulcer, diabetic ulcer, or acute injury occasionally induce life-threatening situations. Tissue engineering provides an alternative for autologous or allogeneic tissue transplantation, which is required becau…
Experimental and theoretical studies of basic forms of polyaniline are presented. Experimental spectra of emeraldine, leucoemeraldine and pernigraniline and their oligomer model compounds (diphenylamine, phenyl-end-capped dimer, phenyl-end-capped tetramer, phenyl-end-capped hexamer, imine form of phenyl-end-capped dim…
A breakthrough has been made for magnets to be used at high temperatures. A new class of Sm(Co/sub w/Fe/sub v/Cu/sub x/Zr/sub y/)/sub z/ type magnets with linear demagnetization curves up to 550/spl deg/C has been developed. A new symbol, T/sub M/, is introduced, which is defined as the maximum temperature at which th…
Although medical applications for shape memory alloys (SMA) now dominate in today’s market, there are many applications in the industrial sector which have reached large volume production that far surpass the material usage in the medical fields. In the early growth of shape memory alloy technology the most important…
Step-wise adsorption of polyelectrolytes is used for the fabrication of micro- and nanocapsules with determined size, capsule wall composition and thickness. The capsule walls made of polyelectrolyte multilayers exclude high molecular weight compounds. Assembling of lipid layers onto these polyelectrolyte capsules pre…
The purposes of this project were to prepare amorphous carbamazepine by dehydration of crystalline carbamazepine dihydrate, and to study the kinetics of crystallization of the prepared amorphous phase. Amorphous carbamazepine was formed and characterized in situ in the sample chamber of a differential scanning calorim…
New N-methylimidazole-functionalized gold clusters 2 catalyze, in 6∶4 methanol–water solution, the cleavage of 2,4-dinitrophenyl acetate with more than an order of magnitude rate acceleration with respect to acetyl-N-methylhistamine 3; comparison with dodecanoyl-N-methylhistamine 4 comicellized with Brij 35 reveals th…
Gram-scale quantities of microcrystalline powdered CeO2–ZrO2 solid solutions can be produced continuously in a near-critical water flow reactor at ca. 300 °C and 25 MPa; rapid hydrothermal co-precipitation leads to nano-particulate Ce1−xZrxO2 (x = 0 to 1), the composition of which is merely determined by the initial c…
Layer-by-layer supramolecular structures composed of alternate layers of negatively charged enzymes and cationic redox polyelectrolyte have been assembled. Glucose oxidase (GOx), lactate oxidase (LOx) and soybean peroxidase (SBP) have been electrically wired to the underlying electrode by means of poly(allylamine) wit…
A search for the occurrence of the rare pi-helix was performed with Iditis from the Oxford Molecular Group upon the Protein Data Bank. In 8 of the 10 confirmed crystal structures that harbor the pi-helix, its unique conformation has been linked directly to the formation or stabilization of a specific binding site with…
The effects of zinc borate (ZB), aluminum trihydrate (ATH), and their mixture on the flame-retardant and smoke-suppressant properties of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) as well as their mechanism for flame retardancy and smoke suppression were studied through the limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, smoke density test, TGA, G…
The fused deposition of ceramics (FDC) technique was used to fabricate piezoelectric ceramic skeletons for the development of piezoelectric composite transducers with 2–2 connectivity for medical imaging. The green parts were designed to have 30 vol% lead zirconate titanate ceramic (PZT‐5H) in the final composites. Ph…
We have conducted comprehensive electron spin resonance (ESR) investigations on single crystals of the one-dimensional organic compounds $(\mathrm{TMTTF}{)}_{2}{\mathrm{PF}}_{6}, (\mathrm{TMTTF}{)}_{2}{\mathrm{ClO}}_{4},$ $(\mathrm{TMTTF}{)}_{2}\mathrm{Br},$ $(\mathrm{TMTSF}{)}_{2}{\mathrm{PF}}_{6},$ and $(\mathrm{TMT…
The laboratory combustion technique operating on a typical combustor of a gas turbine engine is used for soot sampling. Soot particles are derived by combustion of a hydrocarbon C3H8–n-C4H10 mixture at typical cruise conditions. Size, morphology, microstructure, surface area, porosity, and the chemical nature of the s…
We developed the uniaxial strain method to compress a crystalline sample along any direction without involving Poisson’s effect. The uniaxial strain is realized by inserting a composite of either the sample embedded in epoxy or the sample in frozen oil into a cylinder much harder than the sample composite followed by…