Materials Literature
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The production and migration of carbon interstitials in carbon nanotubes under electron irradiation is studied experimentally and theoretically. It is shown that the threshold for displacing carbon atoms and the defect production rate strongly depend on the diameter of the nanotubes. Multiwalled nanotubes shrink by a…
When the nucleation of a stable crystalline phase directly in a supersaturated old phase is greatly retarded, the crystal nuclei might nucleate within faster-forming particles of an intermediate phase. Here we present a theoretical investigation of the kinetics of this two-step nucleation of crystals and derive genera…
The relaxation of the prototypical metal oxide surface, rutile ${\mathrm{TiO}}_{2}(110)1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1$, has been elucidated using quantitative low-energy electron diffraction. Successful structure determination entailed the development of adjustable parameter free self-consistent phase shifts, wh…
To obtain single crystals by solution growth, an exposed primary solidification surface in the appropriate, but often unknown, equilibrium alloy phase diagram is required. Furthermore, an appropriate crucible material is needed, necessary to hold the molten alloy during growth, without being attacked by it. Recently,…
A powerful analytical approach is followed to study light transmission through subwavelength holes drilled in thick perfect-conductor films, showing that full transmission (100%) is attainable in arrays of arbitrarily narrow holes as compared to the film thickness. The interplay between resonances localized in individ…
Covalent attachment of a non-fluorinated polyetherimide onto the surface of carboxylic acid-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) has been achieved via grafting reactions. This confirms for the first time that the grafting reaction occurs at the nanotube surface when the carboxylic acid-functionalized MW…
Abstract Summary: A superhydrophobic coating was facilely fabricated in one step by casting bisphenol A polycarbonate (PC) solution under moisture. Vapor‐induced phase separation occurred during the solidifying process and a rough surface with a micro‐nano‐binary structure (MNBS) similar to the microstructure shown on…
Starpharma focuses on the use of dendrimers as drugs in their own right, in contrast to dendrimers as drug delivery vehicles or diagnostics. This contextual review describes how dendrimers offer a unique platform for exploring chemical diversity on the nanoscale and how the production of dendrimer libraries covering a…
Reversible photoswitching of individual molecules has been demonstrated for a number of mutants of the green fluorescent protein (GFP). To date, however, a limited number of switching events with slow response to light have been achieved at the single-molecule level. Here, we report reversible photoswitching character…
The underlying physics of the application of low-temperature, low-pressure reactive plasmas in various nanoassembly processes is described. From the viewpoint of the ``cause and effect'' approach, this Colloquium focuses on the benefits and challenges of using plasma-based systems in nanofabrication of nanostructured…
A new method for the growth of nanoporous thin films is described. The process is targeted to the formation of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) through a low-temperature inorganic-filler chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. The growth technique employs gas-phase reaction of an alkali metal (Na) and a metal halide (TiCl 4…
Abstract A series of blend films with different ratio of poly(4‐vinylpyridine) (PVP) to lignin were subjected to dynamic DSC and TGA measurement under nitrogen atmosphere at various heating rates. DSC curves showed that the glass transition temperatures of these blends decreased with the increase of lignin content. TG…
Abstract The melt blending method was applied to prepare ternary composites of polypropylene (PP)/organic‐rectorite (OREC)/polyethylene‐octene elastomer (POE) at constant content of 2 phr (parts per hundred PP) of OREC and 5, 10, 15 phr of POE (named PRE25, PRE210, and PRE215, separately) via twin‐screw extruder. At t…
A spin-probe ESR study has been made on the dynamics of 2-propanol and water molecules in the nanochannel of MCM-41 at various temperatures. In the former system, 2-propanol is separated into two phases: one with molecules immobilized in the ESR time scale and the other with mobile ones, even at temperatures more than…
Ternary austenitic model alloys were modified with 0.25 wt.% titanium and irradiated in the Fast Flux Test Reactor (FFTF) at dose rates ranging over more than two orders in magnitude. While lowering of the dose rate strongly increases swelling by shortening the incubation dose, the steady-state swelling rate is not af…
A novel route was proposed to completely coat aluminum borate nanowires by in situ providing the precursor for BN coating. Uniformly BN-coated Al18B4O33 nanowires could be obtained by the reaction of Al4B2O9 nanowires with ammonia at high temperature. The high-temperature unstable Al4B2O9 nanowires were converted into…
Abstract The fracture behavior and deformation mechanism of polypropylene (PP) composites filled with magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH) 2 ] were investigated. The incorporation of Mg(OH) 2 particles into the PP matrix led to an increase in Young's modulus and a significant reduction in the tensile yield strength and elongat…
Abstract The crystallization behavior of a commercial chain‐extended PET (foam grade) was evaluated and compared to that of bottle‐grade PET. Cold and melt isothermal crystallization were analyzed by using the Avrami' model. The foam grade PET showed a slower crystallization kinetic compared to the bottle‐grade PET. T…
The issue of interlayer exchange coupling in magnetic multilayers with a superconducting spacer is addressed in ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.67}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.33}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (LSMO)-$\mathrm{Y}{\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ (YBCO)-${\mathrm{La}}_{0.67}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.33}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm…
We develop model interaction potentials for elemental selenium based on ab initio molecular simulations and cluster expansion theory. Our potentials are used in classical Monte Carlo simulations to characterize the structure of selenium glass.