Materials Literature
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Electrochemical properties of bare and copper‐coated electrodes were investigated in alkaline solution. The exchange current density, polarization resistance, and equilibrium potential were determined as functions of the state of charge in the electrodes. The symmetry factors for bare and copper‐coated electrodes were…
A model of a space-filling, monodisperse nanocrystalline material, consisting of identically shaped rhombohedral grains connected by identical grain boundaries, is presented. In the limit of infinite grain size, the model reproduces the corresponding bicrystalline grain boundary; variation of the grain size therefore…
Anodic oxidation of a non-equilibrium Al-1·9 at.% W alloy has been studied in order to investigate the mechanism of incorporation of metal ions into the anodic film at the alloy-film interface. Initially a relatively tungsten-free anodic alumina film is formed on the alloy to a thickness of about 28 nm, corresponding…
The peculiarities of multiplication of electronic excitations have been investigated in wide-gap alkali halide crystals where, in contrast to semiconductors, free and self-trapped excitons as well as free and self-trapped holes coexist. In particular, the luminescent methods for separation and quantitative investigati…
The effects of microstructure on electromigration behavior were evaluated in three nominally 1 μm thick pure aluminum films, which were tested at temperatures from 423 to 523 K. The three Al films had essentially the same grain structure but different variants of an 〈111〉 texture. Texture had a very strong effect on t…
An extended x-ray-absorption fine structure (EXAFS) study has been carried out on a range of rare-earth metaphosphate $R{(\mathrm{P}{\mathrm{O}}_{3})}_{3}$ glasses of growing interest in optical communications and laser technologies. Phosphate glasses modified using the rare-earth oxides ${\mathrm{Pr}}_{6}$${\mathrm{O…
Organic conductors based on new classes of dimeric TTFs (e.g., see figure) are reviewed. The complexes have structures in some cases which are determined by inter‐TTF transannular interactions, leading to stretched, folded, and sandwich arrangements. These multi‐TTF materials have potential applications in the develop…
Blends of nylon-6,6 with a thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (VECTRA) were processed by injection moulding. Tensile testing was carried out on specimens of blend compositions in the range of 20 to 30% VECTRA where specimens with 25% VECTRA presented the best Young’s modulus and strength. The fracture surfaces we…
Abstract High-purity N-carboxyl l-tryptophan anhydride (l-4-indoylmethyl-2,5-oxazolidinedione) was synthesized in good yield. Copolypeptides with a random sequence of l-trypophan (Trp) with glycine (Gly), l-alanine (Ala), l-α-amino-n-butyric acid (Abu), l-n-valine (Nval), l-n-leucine (Nleu), l-leucine (Leu), l-γ-methy…
In precipitate particles formed by heat treatment of industrially cast Al-(1.8–1.6wt.%)Mn alloys, a sequence of stages intermediate between the quasicrystalline I phase and the cubic α-AlMnSi phase have been found. Their electron diffraction patterns and images can be interpreted in terms of faults on {110}α planes, w…
The use of a sputter-cleaned copper/silver/gold (Cu/Ag/Au) alloy for calibrating the energy scale and instrument resolution as full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of x-ray photoelectron spectrometers is described. The Cu 3p3/2, Cu 2p3/2, Cu L3M4,5M4,5, Ag 3d5/2, Ag M4NN, and Au 4f7/2 lines have been recommended in the l…
PLZT-based composite thin films with various compositions were fabricated and characterized in Part I of this study. Similarly to procedures reported in the literature, the low-field dielectric properties in Part II were modeled according to a series capacitor model based on the dielectric constants of the individual…
Magnetic Barkhausen noise measurements were performed on various samples of 3% Si steel laminates in order to clarify the relationship between the domain structure, grain orientation, and power losses. The total Barkhausen noise power has been measured versus applied field. The statistical parameters characterizing th…
Abstract Atomistic molecular modelling of the bridging linkages in poly(aryl ether sulfone)s and poly(aryl ether ketone)s have been studied in vacuo. The results of these simulations indicate that models that have bond lengths and angles that agree with X‐ray data are produced from the energy minimised structures and…
Elastic moduli and glass transition temperature of a polyarylethersulfone containing isopropylidene, ether and sulfone linkages have been predicted from molecular simulation. The simulated mechanical and physical parameters differ by between 6 and 15% of the experimental values. A study of the conformational flexibili…
The interaction of a dislocation array emitted from a crack tip under mode II loading with asymmetric tilt grain boundaries (GBs) is analysed by the molecular dynamics method. The GBs can generally be described by planar and linear matching zones and unmatching zones. All GBs are observed to emit dislocations. The GBs…
Abstract A review of good weatherability requirements for PVC profiles is presented. Analytical tools to assess these requirements are recalled and justified. Detailed analysis of the various parameters that may affect PVC weatherability show that except for a few additives, the key point is the level of thermal degra…
Abstract Hydroformylation of propylene has been conducted by a polymer‐protected rhodium colloid catalyst with an activity of 130 mol butanal / g atom Rh·h. The neat colloid catalyst is stable enough for repeated use for 7 times lasting ∼50 h under the reaction condition (temperature: 363 K, pressure: 40 bar) with a t…
To quantify the thermally activated relaxations of the mobile silver ions in superionic silver phosphosulphate ${({\mathrm{Ag}}_{2}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{O}}_{4})}_{x}{(\mathrm{AgP}{\mathrm{O}}_{3})}_{(1\ensuremath{-}x)}$ and phosphosulphide ${({\mathrm{Ag}}_{2}\mathrm{S})}_{x}{(\mathrm{AgP}{\mathrm{O}}_{3})}_{(1\ensurema…
Composite thin films produced by depositing alternating layers of various PLZT compositions were fabricated on Pt-coated Si wafer and Ag foil substrates. Films were prepared by MOD processes including automatic spin and dip coating from acetate precursors followed by annealing at 700°C. Ferroelectric (FE)/antiferroele…