Materials Literature
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Mesopores become micropores under pressure (10–50 MPa), which is applied to dahlia-shaped arrays of single-wall carbon nanohorns (SWNHs, see Figure for a TEM image) in liquid media, such as ethanol or glycerol. While the morphology of the arrays does not substantially change, the apparent volume shrinks by a factor of…
Organoclay hollow microspheres (see Figure) and spheroids with foam-like interiors have been prepared by an in-situ reaction in water-in-oil emulsion droplets. The materials could be calcined at 673 K with retention of the morphology, thus proving the thermal stability. The technique should be applicable to a wide ran…
Uniaxial orientation of metal–organic europium complexes (see Figure) has been achieved using ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. The orientation of the ligand molecules results in the transfer of polarized energy from the ligand to Eu3+, and thus yields polarized emission from the complex. The spectral properti…
The use of conducting electroactive polymers (CEPs) to monitor and manipulate biomolecular interactions is reviewed in this article. Examples involving simple amino acids, more complex protein structures, DNA, and even whole living cells are discussed. The work described clearly demonstrates that the ability of CEPs t…
Carbon nanotube films that are mechanically robust and light weight (see Figure) have been engineered to coat surfaces of metallic structures or to be embedded within composite/heterogeneous systems. For high-temperature applications the performance of the nanotube films is expected to be superior to conventional damp…
Polarized images have been prepared using simple laser-induced melting of aligned nanorods in a polymer film. The technique is easy-to-use, cost-effective, and may be used to render the read-out either legible or illegible (see Figure). The information content could be increased by creating ordered nanoparticles with…
The electronic structures of hexagonal beta-Al9Mn3Si and phi-Al10Mn3 are investigated through self-consistent calculations carried out using the LMTO method. This ab-initio approach is combined with an analysis of a simplified hamiltonian model for Al based alloys containing transition metal atoms. Results show a stro…
CdS nanoparticles capped with tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) have been synthesised by a single-source route using cadmium ethylxanthate as a precursor. The nanoparticles obtained show quantum size effects in the optical absorption spectra and the photoluminescence shows an emission maximum that is characteristicall…
We study the morphological evolution of strained heteroepitaxial films using kinetic Monte Carlo simulations in two dimensions. A novel Green's function approach, analogous to boundary integral methods, is used to calculate elastic energies efficiently. We observe island formation at low lattice misfit and high temper…
We examine the bound state(s) associated with a single cubic nonlinear impurity, in a one-dimensional tight-binding lattice, where hopping to first--and--second nearest neighbors is allowed. The model is solved in closed form {\em v\`ıa} the use of the appropriate lattice Green function and a phase diagram is obtained…
The optical properties of YNi$_2$B$_2$C are studied by using the first-principles full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) method within the local density approximation. Anisotropic behavior is obtained in the optical conductivity, even though the electronic structure shows 3D character. A large peak in…
The structural energetics of PdTi and PtTi have been studied using first-principles density-functional theory with pseudopotentials and a plane-wave basis. We predict that in both materials, the experimentally reported orthorhombic $B19$ phase will undergo a low-temperature phase transition to a monoclinic $B19'$ grou…
Conductive polymer–sulfur composites have been reported as potential cathode materials for rechargeable batteries due to their structure, i.e., sulfur embedded in a conductive polymer host at molecular level (see Figure for a backscattered electron photograph). The low-cost, environmentally friendly sulfur composite h…
Organoclay hollow microspheres (see Figure) and spheroids with foam-like interiors have been prepared by an in-situ reaction in water-in-oil emulsion droplets. The materials could be calcined at 673 K with retention of the morphology, thus proving the thermal stability. The technique should be applicable to a wide ran…
We examined a novel approach for nanometer-scale fabrication by controlling self-assembly of organic molecules. Organic amphiphile molecules typically self-assemble into a spherical or tubular structure, which depends on environmental conditions such as temperature, pH, and solvents. Here we demonstrate that self-asse…
The transition that has been observed in the dynamics of hydrated proteins at low temperatures (180-230 K) is normally interpreted as a change from vibrational, harmonic motion at low temperatures to anharmonic motions as the temperature is raised. It is taken to be an intrinsic property of proteins and has been assoc…
Carbon nanotube films that are mechanically robust and light weight (see Figure) have been engineered to coat surfaces of metallic structures or to be embedded within composite/heterogeneous systems. For high-temperature applications the performance of the nanotube films is expected to be superior to conventional damp…
Uniaxial orientation of metal–organic europium complexes (see Figure) has been achieved using ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. The orientation of the ligand molecules results in the transfer of polarized energy from the ligand to Eu3+, and thus yields polarized emission from the complex. The spectral properti…
The syntheses of new aromatic 30pi heptaphyrins either through a [5 + 2] or a [4 + 3] acid-catalyzed condensation and oxidative coupling reactions of easily available and air-stable precursors are reported. The methodology followed is not only simple and efficient but also allows synthesis of a range of heptaphyrins w…
A porous scaffold as a cell-compatible material was designed and prepared using a phospholipid copolymer composed of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC), n-butyl methacrylate, and enantiomeric macromonomers, the poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) macromonomer, and poly(D-lactic acid) (PDLA) macromonomer. On the bas…