Materials Literature
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We present a scheme to identify quasicrystals based on powder diffraction data and to provide a standardized indexing. We apply our scheme to a large catalog of powder diffraction patterns, including natural minerals, to look for new quasicrystals. Based on our tests, we have found promising candidates worthy of furth…
Good quality extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra near the Ga K edge have been collected in wide pressure and temperature ranges (namely 0--16 GPa, 298--498 K) using the dispersive setup installed at the LURE synchrotron radiation facility and diamond anvil cell as pressure device. Energy dispersiv…
We study x-ray absorption spectra below the O $1s$ threshold in Sc-doped stoichiometric strontium titanate $({\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}).$ We find hole states at the top of the valence band and acceptor-induced levels just above the Fermi level. The x-ray absorption spectra features and their temperature dependence are in g…
The cosubstituted solid solution In 2 - 2 x Sn x Zn x O 3 - δ was acceptor-doped with Zn 2+ to form In 2 - x - y Sn x Zn y O 3 - δ ( y > x ). A 4% Zn 2+ “excess” can be introduced in In 1.6 Sn 0.2 Zn 0.2 O 3 - δ while maintaining the bixbyite structure. The n-type conductivity of the doped material decreases with zinc…
The electrical conductivity, Hall effect, and thermoelectric coefficient of Zn/Sn-cosubstituted In 2 O 3 (In 2 - 2 x Sn x Zn x O 3 - δ ), undoped In 2 O 3, and indium−tin oxide (ITO) were studied vs cation composition, state of reduction, and measurement temperature (over the range of 4.2−340 K). Carrier contents and…
We report on magnetic susceptibility, magnetization, electric resistivity, and ESR experiments on single crystals of the covalent-chain antiferromagnetic compounds $\mathrm{TlFe}{X}_{2}$ $(X=\mathrm{S},$ Se). Collinear magnetic order with strongly reduced moments sets in at ${T}_{\mathrm{N}}=196 \mathrm{K}$ for ${\mat…
The molecular models of tubular aluminumsilicate, imogolite, and tubular gibbsite for the comparison with imogolite were investigated by means of molecular dynamics simulations. The stability of these two models was tested in terms of the tube radii. It was shown that the total energy of tubular gibbsite is decreasing…
The structure and electronic transport properties of hole-doped ${\mathrm{La}}_{3/4}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{1/4}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ perovskite have been investigated as a function of pressure up to about 15 GPa. Though the applied pressure enhances the electrical conductivity, the high-pressure resistivity data point out a com…
Abstract The formation of nanocomposites by the sol–gel reaction of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in polyacrylamide (PAAm) is studied. The nanocomposites are prepared in aqueous solution. Fourier transform IR spectroscopy shows that substantial hydrogen bonding occurs in the nanocomposites. The fracture surfaces of the nan…
Combined wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) studies using synchrotron radiation were carried out to investigate the structural development during in-situ solution spinning of poly( p -phenylenebenzobisoxazole) (PBO) in poly(phosphoric acid) (PPA). WAXD patterns indicated that t…
Abstract A new method for the synthesis of hyperbranched polymers involving the use of AB x macromonomers containing linear units have been investigated. Two types of novel hyperbranched polyurethanes have been synthesized by a one‐pot approach. The structures of monomers and polymers were characterized by elemental a…
A study has been made to investigate the radiation grafting of styrene onto poly(tetrafluoroethylene- co -perfluoropropylvinyl ether) (PFA) substrates, using the simultaneous irradiation method. Two PFA polymers of different comonomer perfluoropropyl vinyl ether (PPVE) content and degree of crystallinity were used. Ef…
We calculated the energy consumed for phase boundary motion in a ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{52}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{23}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{25}$ single-crystalline sample during martensitic transformation using a boundary friction phenomenological theory. It was found that the energy consumed for phase boundary motion is 13.14 J/mol, only a…
We investigate a system of one-dimensional Hubbard chains of interacting fermions coupled by interchain hopping. Using a generalization of the dynamical mean-field theory we study the deconfinement transition from a Mott insulator to a metal and the crossover between Luttinger and Fermi liquid phases. One-particle pro…
Abstract A new diepoxide and a new diamine, both bearing bis‐(9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐oxide‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐yl‐)‐substituted methylene linkages, were prepared through the reaction of 9,10‐dihydro‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide with benzophenone derivatives via a simple addition reaction followed by a dehy…
Supramolecular Chemistry deals with the design, synthesis and study of molecular structures held together by non-covalent interactions. Structures of this type are ubiquitous in nature and are frequently used as blueprints for the design of synthetic equivalents. This book is intended to demonstrate the seminal import…
Icicles with wave patterns on their surfaces can sometimes be seen hanging from roofs of buildings. Surprisingly, most of these wave patterns are at intervals of about 1 cm. The reason for this uniformity of interval has not been clarified. Here we show a formula to explain this remarkable phenomenon by introducing a…
This papers deals with overall phase transformation kinetics. The Fokker-Planck type equation is derived from the generalized nucleation theory proposed by Binder and Stauffer. Existence of the steady state solution is shown by a method based on the mean value theorem of differential calculus. From the analysis of asy…
Surfaces of surfactant-templated polyacrylamide hydrogels were imaged by atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the surface morphology was studied by numerical scaling analysis. The templated gels were formed by polymerizing acrylamide plus a cross-linker in the presence of surfactants, which were then removed by soaking…
The surface-enhanced Raman spectra (SERS) of adenine and three deuterated analogues adsorbed on colloids, electrochemically roughened electrodes, and vacuum deposited island films of silver have been investigated. All normal Raman and SERS bands were assigned to normal modes on the basis of density functional theory (…