Materials Literature
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Characterization is a central aspect of catalyst development [1,2]. The elucidation of the structures, compositions, and chemical properties of both the solids used in heterogeneous catalysis and the adsorbates and intermediates present on the surfaces of the catalysts during reaction is vital for a better understandi…
The present review covers the production of new materials under high pressures. A primary limitation on the use of pressures higher than 1 GPa is a small volume and mass of a produced material. Therefore, despite an extremely wide range of new high-pressure synthesized substances with unique properties, synthesis on a…
In the impact ionization process, a hot carrier relaxes by generating an exciton. We present tight binding calculations showing that the rate of this process in PbSe nanocrystals has a strong energy dependence and that the relaxation energy increases linearly with the carrier excess energy. The impact ionization can b…
Dynamic fracture in a wide class of materials reveals "fracture energy" $Γ$ much larger than the expected nominal surface energy due to the formation of two fresh surfaces. Moreover, the fracture energy depends on the crack velocity, $Γ=Γ(v)$. We show that a simple dynamical theory of visco-plasticity coupled to asymp…
Coexisting ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases over a range of temperature as well as magnetic field have been reported in many materials of current interest, showing disorder-broadened first-order transitions. Anomalous history effects observed in magnetization and resistivity are being explained invoking the…
We develop a microscopic magnetoelectric coupling in ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{3}{\mathrm{V}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{8}$ (NVO) which gives rise to the trilinear phenomenological coupling used previously to explain the phase transition in which magnetic and ferroelectric order parameters appear simultaneously. Using combined neutron s…
A new class of water-soluble, amphiphilic star block copolymers with a large number of arms was prepared by sequential atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of n -butyl methacrylate (BMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA). As the macroinitiator for the ATRP, a 2-bromoisobutyric acid fun…
This paper reports the design, performance analysis, fabrication, and experimental results of a three-phase, three-stack permanent magnet transverse flux motor with a soft magnetic composite stator core, which was designed to take advantage of the unique properties of the new material. Parameter computations by finite…
A single-step synthesis of magnesium ferrite (MgFe 2 O 4 ) nanoparticles with an average crystallite size of about 8.5 nm synthesized via mechanochemical processing of binary oxide precursors at room temperature is reported. The study highlights the nature of the cation disorder and of the spin arrangement in mechanos…
Abstract Some salient results in nylon research are reviewed to identify the fundamental principles that are applicable to other strongly interacting or hydrogen‐bonded polymers, including proteins. The effects of hydrogen bonds on stress‐, heat‐, and solvent‐induced changes in macroscopic properties are discussed. Th…
We fabricate and characterize a low-loss silver-based negative-index metamaterial based on the design of a recent theoretical proposal. Comparing the measured transmittance and reflectance spectra with theory reveals good agreement. We retrieve a real part of the refractive index of Re(n)= -2 around 1.5 microm wavelen…
The anomalous Hall effect in disordered band ferromagnets is considered in the framework of quantum transport theory. A microscopic model of electrons in a random potential of identical impurities including spin-orbit coupling is used. The Hall conductivity is calculated from the Kubo formula for both, the skew scatte…
Manganese sulfide (MnS) crystallites with varying morphology and polymorph can be synthesized via a solvothermal process assisted by mineralizers. It was found that KOH or KNO 3 as a mineralizer played a key role in the crystallization and development of different kinds of MnS crystallites. Adding KOH in the solvother…
Abstract Polyethersulphone (PES) was irradiated with 4 MeV proton, 3.6 MeV C + , and 145 MeV Ne 6+ ions at different ion fluences. The linear energy transfer dependence on ion‐induced spectral changes was analyzed by ultraviolet–visible, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The gradua…
Abstract Sisal fibers were added to wood particle composites to enhance their toughness. The selected matrix was a commercial styrene diluted unsaturated polyester thermoset resin. Fracture tests were carried out using single‐edge notched beam geometries. Stiffness, strength, critical stress intensity factor K IQ , an…
Triplet microstructure of sheared concentrated suspensions of Brownian monodisperse spherical particles is studied by sampling realizations of a three-dimensional unit cell subject to periodic boundary conditions obtained in accelerated Stokesian dynamics simulations. Triplets are regarded as a bridge between particle…
Abstract A simple, scalable procedure that does not require covalent modification of the filler or specialized high shear mixers is described for preparing well‐dispersed carbon nanotube composites. Excellent particle dispersions of multiple‐walled carbon nanotubes (NTs) and carbon black (CB) in polystyrene (PS) are o…
Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorod arrays on the ZnO‐coated seed substrates were prepared by the solution chemical method from Zn(NO 3 ) 2 /NaOH under an assisted electrical field. The influence of the electrical field on ZnO nanorod growth was primarily explored, and the positive effects of the electrical field were demonstrat…
A method has been suggested for measuring the line width of trapezoidal profile relief elements on a scanning electron microscope (SEM) for cases where the electron probe diameter is greater than the measured size. The method has been demonstrated on low voltage SEM. The minimum size that could be measured was 13 nm,…
Abstract Coir fibers were treated with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) mixed with methanol (MeOH) under UV radiation. A series of solutions of different concentrations of EGDMA in methanol along with a photoinitator, Irgacure‐500 (mixture of 1‐hydroxylcyclohexylphenylketone and benzophenonc), were prepared. Mon…