Materials Literature
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We succeeded in developing carbon nanotube (CNT) vias specifically adapted for the copper interconnect process used in ultra large-scale integrated circuits. The CNTs were grown selectively on titanium films using Co catalyst films. The use of tantalum enabled CNTs to be grown on Cu lines and prevented any increase in…
A systematic crystal-chemical investigation of orthorhombic holmquistites has been done to determine the reasons for their - limited compositional variations. Structural constraints to the relative stability of B Li amphiboles are also suggested by the occurrence of ferro- and feni-ferroclinoholmquistites, and the la…
Phase formation and conduction behavior in BaO-doped LaScO 3 with the perovskite structure have been investigated. The structures of La 1- x Ba x ScO 3-δ were analyzed to be cubic for La 0.6 Ba 0.4 ScO 3-δ and La 0.5 Ba 0.5 ScO 3-δ , a mixture of cubic and orthorhombic for La 0.9 Ba 0.1 ScO 3-δ , La 0.8 Ba 0.2 ScO 3-δ…
The effect of nitrogen content in the argon shielding gas of tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding on the corrosion resistance of a duplex stainless steel (DSS; AISI 2205) was investigated using potentiodynamic and cyclic polarization tests in lithium bromide (LiBr) heavy brine solution. The weldability of DSS is related t…
The corrosion properties of Ni-Cr-Mo-Gd alloys that are being developed for use as a neutron-absorbing structural material were examined. The corrosion work was part of a larger alloy development program. The corrosion properties were examined by both electrochemical and longer-term immersion testing in standard test…
Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites belong to a new class of hybrid materials consisting of organic-synthetic polymer matrix and inorganic filler--layered structure clay minerals. The paper presents the results of FTIR, NMR, and SAXS studies of poly(-caprolactone)/sodium montmorillonite nanocomposites. We observed…
Low toxicity? Lanthanide carbides contained within carbon nanocapsules (see HRTEM image) might act as efficient contrast agents or tracers, however, their toxicity must first be assessed. With a chemical stability similar to TiO2 nanoparticles, such nanocapsules were added to macrophages from rat fibroblasts, with cyt…
La 0.7 Ca 0.3 MnO 3 (LCMO) thin films have been prepared on LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 (STO) (001) single-crystal substrates by the metal-organic deposition process. These films were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and temperature dependence of the resistance R(T). The microstructure of the LCMO films a…
Recently air-breakdown phenomena have gained increasing interest with respect to porous electrets for use as piezoelectric polymers. A strong discrepancy between porous (closed-porous) polypropylene and fibrous (open-porous) polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has been recognized concerning the obtainable polarization and…
We study static and dynamic spatial correlations in a two-dimensional spin model with four-body plaquette interactions and standard Glauber dynamics by means of analytic arguments and Monte Carlo simulations. We study in detail the dynamical behavior which becomes glassy at low temperatures, due to the emergence of ef…
A charge carrier confined in a quasi-one-dimensional helical nanostructure in the presence of an electric field normal to the axis of the helix is subjected to a periodic potential proportional to the strength of the field and the helix radius. As a result, the behavior of this carrier is similar to that in a semicond…
We have prepared and characterized several lanthanide ion complexes of multidentate ligands or chelates in an effort to develop new upconverting luminescent labels that can be immune to autofluorescence and photobleaching. This study has involved the characterization of various chelates of Nd, Er, and Tm with respect…
Interest in the use of natural fibers as fillers has grown over the past few years due to the advantages it offers. The use of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) as a filler in the unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-U) is a new attraction in polymer composite technology. The objectives of this study are to investig…
Theoretical analysis on the relationship of complex viscosity (η*) and steady shear viscosity (η) indicates that viscous viscosity (η′) measured under linear viscoelastic region equates with steady shear viscosity at low shear rates, and the Cox‐Merz Rule applies only to the suspension whose viscous viscosity of the s…
Abstract Blending ground rubber with thermoplastic and thermoset polymers is a very cost effective and efficient method for recycling rubber waste. However it is important for vulcanized rubber particles and the thermoplastic matrix to adhere to each other to form co-continuous type morphology to provide necessary str…
The influence of process atmosphere during sintering is an aspect of nanopowder processing that has not been widely investigated. Reducing the chemical potential of oxygen promotes the beginning of sintering in nanopowder particles of a model oxide material. The importance of oxygen vacancies is shown by both sinterin…
Ruthenium has been of interest for application in ULSI capacitor electrodes and more recently as a barrier metal against Cu diffusion. Thin-film deposition from supercritical CO 2 has gained particular attention as a new deposition technique that provides nano-penetration capability and a possibility of developing new…
Fouling is the deposition of milk solids on heat transfer surfaces, particularly heat exchangers. It is a major industrial problem, which causes a decrease in heat transfer efficiency and shortens run times. The resultant effect is a decrease in process efficiency and economy. For studying and monitoring deposit forma…
Abstract There has been a long-standing commercial desire for elastomers with a high degree of oil-resistance. For example, oil-resistant materials are very important to the automotive industry since a variety of components may come into contact with a number of fluids (hydrocarbon and otherwise). In the specific case…
Spin-polarized density functional theory calculations have been performed to characterize the hydrogen adsorption and diffusion on the Fe(111) surface at 2/3-, 1-, and 2-monolayer (ML) coverages. It is found that the most favored adsorption site for atomic hydrogen (H) is the top-shallow bridge site (tsb), followed by…