Materials Literature
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The hydrodynamic transport properties of hard-sphere dispersions are calculated for volume fractions (φ) spanning the dilute limit up to the fluid–solid transition at φ=0.49. Particle distributions are generated by a Monte Carlo technique and the hydrodynamic interactions are calculated by Stokesian dynamics simulatio…
We developed engineering models for forces on rigid, long rods with spherical, ogival, and conical noses that penetrated rate independent, elastic-perfectly plastic targets. The spherical and cylindrical, cavity-expansion approximations simplified the target analyses, so we obtained closed-form penetration equations.…
This review article presents a short description of the historical development of the chemistry of thermotropic liquid crystals and the modern molecular-statistical interpretation of the liquid crystalline state. A short survey on the present state of the liquid crystal chemistry, divided in conventional (rod-like) an…
Results of experiments to study the effect of grain size and grain-size distribution on the intrinsic coercivity and the hysteresis loop of sintered Fe-Nd-B magnets are presented. It is shown that the intrinsic coercivity decreases as the average grain size of the magnet is increased. It is also shown that the intrins…
The rarefaction shock wave produced by an extracorporeal shockwave lithotripter can result in liquid failure at numerous discrete sites near the second focus. When the liquid fails, vapor-filled cavities can grow to relatively large sizes and subsequently collapse with enormous violence. This phenomenon, called acoust…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermally irreversible photochromic systems. A theoretical studyShinichiro Nakamura and Masahiro IrieCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 26, 6136–6138Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1988https:…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMonooxygenase-like oxidation of hydrocarbons by hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by manganese porphyrins and imidazole: selection of the best catalytic system and nature of the active oxygen speciesP. Battioni, J. P. Renaud, J. F. Bartoli, M. Reina-Artiles, M. Fort, and Daniel. M…
An overview of polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) materials, their physical properties, and potential applications in the optic and electrooptic industry is presented. These optoelectronic materials have unique properties which are expected to expand liquid crystal technology into new display and light shutter ap…
Eight mutants of Alcaligenes eutrophus defective in the intracellular accumulation of poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) were isolated after transposon Tn5 mutagenesis with the suicide vector pSUP5011. EcoRI fragments which harbor Tn5-mob were isolated from pHC79 cosmid gene banks. One of them, PPT1, was used as a pr…
The toughening behavior of whisker‐reinforced ceramics is analyzed in terms of a whisker bridging zone immediately behind the crack tip. This approach is consistent with microscopy observations which reveal that intact bridging whiskers exist behind the crack tip as a result of debonding of the whisker‐matrix interfac…
Pseudomonas oleovorans grows on C(6) to C(12)n-alkanes and 1-alkenes. These substrates are oxidized to the corresponding fatty acids, which are oxidized further via the beta-oxidation pathway, yielding shorter fatty acids which have lost one or more C(2) units. P. oleovorans normally utilizes beta-oxidation pathway in…
Abstract The relationships between the composition and the crystallization temperature of chlorites and illites have been investigated in different geothermal fields and in particular the Los Azufres system in Mexico, considered to be a natural analogue to experimental laboratories, as the main changes in physical and…
A Fortran program has been developed for the reduction of single-crystal diffraction data from a sequence of adjacent rotation pictures recorded at a fixed X-ray wavelength by an electronic area detector. The electronic pictures (data frames) covering the first 5° of crystal rotation are used to locate strong diffract…
The electronic structure of copper oxides has been investigated by photoelectron (x-ray photoemission, ultraviolet photoemission), Auger electron, and bremsstrahlung isochromat spectroscopies. The experimental results are compared with one-electron band-structure calculations as well as with a cluster configuration in…
We have developed a new technique, based on the standard Monte Carlo simulation method with Markov chain sampling, in which a set of three dimensional particle configurations are generated that are consistent with the experimentally measured structure factor. A(Q), and radial distribution function, g(r), of a liquid o…
The authors investigate the thermodynamics of a lattice gas model for intercalation, employing a nearest-neighbour intra-plane attraction and both attractive and repulsive forces which decrease with increasing distance between the planes. The free energy F is calculated within the mean-field approximation. The phase d…
The magnetic structures of the orthorhombic rear-earth manganates ErMn 2 O 5 and TbMn 2 O 5 have been studied by single-crystal neutron diffraction at temperatures between 1.5 and 25 K. Both materials exhibit amplitude-modulated magnetic structures with propagation vector (0.5, 0, 0.247) (Er) or (0.5, 0, 0.308) (Tb) a…
The current status of the physics of liquid-crystalline polymers is reviewed. Major attention is paid to the theory of the nematic state of solutions and melts of polymers of varying architecture, and also of polyelectrolytes. The conditions for phase equilibrium in solutions and melts and the elastic properties of sy…
Forced Rayleigh scattering is used to measure the self-diffusion of charged polyball suspensions driven far from equilibrium by an oscillating shear flow. Aside from the usual enhancement of the diffusion due to Taylor dispersion, we observe an additional isotropic contribution which increases linearly with the shear…
Studies by small-angle neutron scattering have been conducted on a main-chain thermotropic nematic polymer composed of alternating mesogens and flexible spacers. The anisotropy of chain conformation in the nematic phase was measured in the melt and in a dilute nematic solution. The variation as a function of degree of…