Materials Literature
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The first section of this chapter concerns scattering factors for the diffraction of electrons by crystalline solids. An explanation of the theory of scattering by a perfect crystal is followed by a discussion of the kinematical, two-beam and phase-grating approximations. Relativistic and absorption effects are consid…
Despite the necessity of direct growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) on conducting films for versatility of designing device architectures for nanoelectronics and optoelectronics, most of SWNT growths have been carried out on insulating films or supporting materials such as SiO2 and Al2O3. Here, the author…
Europium‐doped calcium sulfide phosphor was synthesized by a co‐precipitation method using calcium carbonate and ammonium sulfate as the sources for calcium and sulfide, respectively. Reduction of the precipitated CaSO 4 into CaS was carried out at 550°, 750°, 950°, and 1150°C at a flow rate of H 2 5 mL/min and N 2 95…
Perovskite lead strontium titanate solid solution phase has been crystallized in the presence of La2O3 in the system [(PbxSr1−x)O∙TiO2]–[2SiO2∙B2O3]–[K2O]–[BaO]–[La2O3] (1⩽x⩽0.5). La2O3 is a donor dopant for (Pb,Sr)TiO3 and can make crystalline phase semiconducting in the glass ceramics. Dispersion of semiconducting p…
Abstract Summary: The first example of the synthesis of acrylonitrile copolymers with porphyrin pendants and the subsequent electrospinning of the resultant copolymers into nanofibers is presented in this communication. Vinyl porphyrin monomers have been synthesized and copolymerized with acrylonitrile through solutio…
The background and use of dual-space direct methods for the ab initio phasing of small macromolecules as well as the phasing of heavy-atom substructures of larger biological structures are described. Basic concepts include normalized structure factors, multisolution procedures, random trial structures, phase-refinemen…
Abstract Summary: A series of methacrylate copolymers containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) was synthesized from the free radical copolymerization of methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, and isobutyl propylmethacryl polyhedral oligosilsesquioxanes, and then were modified with glycidyl methacrylate t…
If we could adequately measure the complex diffuse scattering function of an X-ray beam from a single macromolecular structure to arbitrary resolution, we could, given an accurate model for X-ray scattering, calculate a measurement-time-averaged electron-density distribution for that structure independent of most mode…
Zn 0.95 Co 0.05 O single crystal was obtained through hydrothermal crystal growth method. Extended x-ray absorption fine structure and x-ray absorption near-edge structure spectra as well as UV absorption measurements reveal that Co2+ ions have substituted Zn2+ ions and incorporated into ZnO lattice. The single crysta…
This chapter deals mainly with harmonic generation and parametric interactions in anisotropic crystals. Section 1.7.2 describes second- and higher-order electric susceptibilities. Section 1.7.3 is devoted to propagation phenomena, particularly in the case of three-wave and four-wave interactions, to the conditions of…
Evidence has accumulated during the last decade showing that many established diatom morpho‐species actually consist of several semicryptic or truly cryptic species. As these species are difficult or even impossible to differentiate by microscopic analysis, there is virtually no information on how they behave in natur…
The Er3+ doped transparent oxyfluoride glass ceramics containing Sr2GdF7 nanocrystals were prepared and their spectroscopic properties were discussed. The formation of Sr2GdF7 nanocrystals in the glass ceramics was confirmed by x-ray diffraction. The split peaks of the upconversion and near infrared emission bands of…
In an effort to explore new biocompatible substrates for biomedical technologies, we present a structural study on a crosslinked gelatinous protein extracted from marine mussels. Prior studies have shown the importance of iron in protein crosslinking and mussel adhesive formation. Here, the structure and properties of…
Abstract A new single crystal for ultraviolet light filter, KCNSH (Potassium Cobalt Nickel Sulfate Hexahydrate) was designed and its crystal structure was studied using X‐ray diffraction in this paper. The empirical of the title compound is K 2 Co 0.1 Ni 0.9 (SO 4 ) 2 .6H 2 O with formula weight 437.15. KCNSH crystal…
Size restoration by the auxospore that develops from the zygote is a crucial stage in diatom life cycles. However, information on sexual events in pelagic diatom species is very limited. We report for the first time auxospore formation by the pennate diatom Fragilariopsis kerguelensis (O'Hara) Hustedt during an iron‐i…
We use numerical optimization to find a one-dimensional potential energy function that yields the largest hyperpolarizability, which we find is within 30% of the fundamental limit. Our results reveal insights into the character of the potential energy functions and wave functions that lead to the largest hyperpolariza…
Layered La 2 Ti 2 O 7 nanosheets were prepared through a one-step hydrothermal method at low temperature. The concentration of NaOH mineralizer plays an important role in the synthesis. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show that the thickness of every nanosheet i…
In this paper, we describe an easy procedure for the preparation of differently shaped and sized Au–Ag nanocomposites from gold nanorod (AuNR) seeds in various amino acid solutions—arginine (Arg), cysteine (Cys), glycine (Gly), glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), histidine (His), lysine (Lys), and methionine (Met), resp…
The authors report on a magnetic gas sensing methodology to detect hydrogen using the ferromagnetic properties of a nanoscale dilute magnetic semiconductor Sn0.95Fe0.05O2. This work demonstrates the systematic variation of saturation magnetization, coercivity, and remanence of Sn0.95Fe0.05O2 with the hydrogen gas flow…
A nanometer-scale hybrid film of Co particle/Co–C60 compound was prepared by alternate deposition of Co and C60 under UHV condition. All of Raman spectra, magnetization curves, and tunnel conductivity concluded that the hybrid system has a granular structure consisting of Co nanoparticles embedded in a Co–C60 compound…