Materials Literature
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Abstract The shell thickness of a core/shell impact modifier is found to be the single most important factor in the toughening of rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC). When the shell thickness is greater than a critical value of 15.8 nm, these core‐shell elastomeric particles are able to remain structurally intact and well…
This paper presents a new numerical scheme for simulating multidimensional transient and steady-state microscale energy transport. The new method is based on the method of characteristics that follows heat carriers along their pathline. Unlike traditional methods, it uses a fixed computational grid and follows the hea…
An achromatic infrared (lambda = 1.2-4 microm), Si-prism quarter-wave retarder (QWR) is described that uses total internal reflection at a buried Si-SiO2 interface at an angle of incidence phi near 33 degrees, where deltaDelta/deltaphi = 0. The retardance delta deviates from 90 degrees by < +/- 2 degrees within a fiel…
Abstract The reaction of the open‐structure anion [PW 9 O 34 ( t BuSiOH) 3 ] 3‐ with RSiCl 3 (R = (CH 2 ) n CH=CH 2 (n = 0, 1, 4)) affords [PW 9 O 34 ( t BuSiO) 3 (SiR)] 3‐ heterosilylated capped hybrid compounds. These complexes were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and in solution by multinuclear ( 1 H, 29 Si,…
Abstract Dinitrogen oxide was employed as a clean oxidant for various oxidations in the presence of a catalytic amount of dioxoruthenium tetramesitylporphyrin complex (Ru(tmp)(O)2). A variety of olefins, secondary alcohols, and benzyl alcohols were smoothly oxidized to the corresponding epoxides, ketones, and aldehyde…
Abstract We have investigated the nature of the interactions of n s 2 ‐cations and the possible structure‐determining role of the n s 2 electron pair at ambient and high pressure in several AB 2 X 5 (A = K, Rb, Cs, In, Tl; B = Sn, Pb, Sr; X = Cl, Br, I) compounds. Structural parameters are obtained by high pressure x‐…
A novel perfluoroalkyl-containing multi-epoxy compound (PFME), designed and syn thesized in our laboratory, is applied to cotton fabrics by the pad-dry-cure process to give durable water and oil repellency by developing permanent covalent bonds to the textile substrate. The specimens pretreated by citric acid are furt…
Apatites from several pegmatites and two alkaline igneous environments were analyzed by electron microprobe and by micro-FTIR spectroscopy in the region 3000.4000 cm -1 . Hydrogen bonding between OH and adjacent halogens shifts the OH-stretching modes and proves sensitive to the ordering of anions and cations within t…
Abstract The application of supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO 2 ) has been attracting more and more attention, especially in the formation of polymer membranes. The membrane formation using SCCO 2 is analogous to conventional immersion precipitation process by using organic nonsolvent. Polylactide (PLA) membranes wer…
Nano-CaCO3/polypropylene (PP) composites modified by the reactive monomer acrylic acid (AA) with or without the initiator dicumyl peroxide (DCP) were prepared using a two-step method. The effects of nano-CaCO3 and AA on the physical and mechanical properties of nano-CaCO3/PP composites were investigated. Differential…
The Abraham solvation parameter model is used to calculate the numerical values of the solute descriptors for naproxen from experimental solubilities in organic solvents. The solute descriptors are denoted as follows: E is the solute excess molar refraction, V is McGowan volume of the solute, A and B are measures of t…
The study was designed to investigate the effects of temperature and phosphorus limitation on polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production and storage by activated sludge biomass. The two-stage operation approach, i.e. a growth phase followed by a nutrient limitation phase, was applied to induce PHA accumulation. The pre-sel…
Peripheral and non-peripheral tetra(13,17-dioxanonacosane-15-hydroxy) substituted metal free-, Ni (II) and Zn (II) phthalocyanines have been synthesized from the corresponding phthalonitrile derivatives in the presence of the anhydrous metal salt ( NiCl 2 and Zn ( OOCCH 3 ) 2 ) or a strong organic base. The new compou…
Abstract Nanoporous alumina membranes, loaded with palladium and ruthenium nanoparticles of various size, were used for gas phase hydrogenation of 1, 3‐butadiene and for oxidation of carbon monoxide, respectively. Those membranes contain 10 9 ‐ 10 11 pores per cm 2 , all running perpendicular to the surface. Membrane…
Abstract Several perovskite‐type nanosized oxides were prepared via polyol‐mediated synthesis. The crystallinity of the materials was analysed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). While the “as synthesized” materials are amorphous or show very poor crystallinity, highly ordered materials could be obtained by annealing at 700 °…
The influence of the composition and heat treatment of overlays on the abrasive wear resistance of iron base hardfacing alloy overlays is reported. Overlays were deposited using a shielded metal arc (SMA) welding process on structural steel using two commercial hardfacing electrodes, i.e.Fe – 6%Cr – 0.7%C (H1) and Fe…
Both interlaminar and in‐plane shear strengths of a unidirectional Hi‐Nicalon™‐fiber‐reinforced barium strontium aluminosilicate (SiC f /BSAS) composite were determined at 1100°C in air as a function of test rate using double‐notch shear test specimens. The composite exhibited a significant effect of test rate on shea…
Simulation studies were carried out to analyze the effect of planar defects (twins) on the X-ray diffraction patterns of boron carbide, B 4 C. The presence of these defects had a marked influence on the patterns. Significant changes in the height, width, and other features of diffraction peaks are seen as a result of…
The synthesis, characterization, and bulk and lattice thermal expansions of a series of compounds with general composition Ce 1– x Y x O 2– x /2 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) are reported. The XRD pattern of each product was refined to learn the solid solubility limit and the homogeneity range. The solid solubility limit of YO 1.5…
To model the thermal conductivity of polymer composites that are filled with ceramic powders, the conductivity of each component as well as the interfacial resistance at each ceramic–polymer boundary must be known. An indirect method to determine this interfacial boundary resistance is proposed by preparing large‐scal…