Materials Literature
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Metal colloids in CaF2 created by low energy electron irradiation are identified by their optical absorption bands. A mean colloid radius of 18 nm is deduced from a narrow colloid band found in crystals irradiated at room temperature. Absorption data reveal a strong influence of crystal temperature during irradiation…
Using conventional and high resolution transmission electron microscopy, the dislocation structures in PbTiO3 thin films grown epitaxially on [001]-oriented MgO and SrTiO3 single crystals are studied. High resolution cross-sectional images of the films grown on MgO exhibit misfit dislocations with Burgers vectors of 1…
The phosphorylation of bovine tau, either by GSK-3 alone or by a combination of GSK-3 and several non-proline-dependent protein kinases (non-PDPKs), was studied. GSK-3 alone catalyzed the incorporation of approximately 3 mol 32P/mol tau at a relatively slow rate. Prephosphorylation of tau by A-kinase, C-kinase, or CK-…
Nanostructures through self-assembly: Suitably designed planar cyclic peptides like 1 form cylindrical dimers in nonpolar organic solvents. These ensembles are good models for the fundamental description of parallel and antiparallel β-sheet structures as well as for the design of novel peptide nanostructures. The anal…
A large magnetoresistance ratio in excess of 10 000% (at 140 K, H=6 T) has been obtained in a sintered perovskitelike material with a composition of La0.60Y0.07Ca0.33MnOx. The doping of La–Ca–Mn–O with Y resulted in a decrease in the lattice parameter by ∼0.2%, and improved the magnetoresistance by an order of magnitu…
The angular distributions of $1s\ensuremath{\sigma}$ photoelectrons from ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ molecules held fixed in space have been measured around the ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{*}$ shape resonance for the first time. The angular distributions have been very rich in structure, which are completely different from usual p…
The tracer diffusion coefficients ${D}^{*}$ of polystyrene (PS) chains near PS melt-solid interfaces have been measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The ${D}^{*}$ for poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PVP) and oxide (SiO) covered silicon surfaces were smaller by, respectively, \ensuremath{\sim}3 and \ensuremath{\sim}${10}…
Nanostructures through self-assembly: Suitably designed planar cyclic peptides like 1 form cylindrical dimers in nonpolar organic solvents. These ensembles are good models for the fundamental description of parallel and antiparallel β-sheet structures as well as for the design of novel peptide nanostructures. The anal…
Abstract The importance of nonlinear optical phenomena has been known for some time, however, since the mid‐1980s, there has been an explosion of interest in the search for and development of non‐linear optical materials that possess commercial device applications. To date, the systems have been utilized in informatio…
Abstract A series of methyl methacrylate polymers have been prepared containing sucrose‐based crosslinkers and additives. Thermogravimetry and long‐term aging studies at 200°C show that sucrose‐based alkyl and allyl ethers provide unprecedented thermal stability to linear, as well as crosslinked, poly (methyl methacry…
In LiIO(3) and BBO crystals the wave-matching conditions for femtosecond noncollinear parametric light generation at lambda = 390 nm pumping wavelength are investigated. In the LiIO(3) crystal simultaneous phase- and group-velocity-matching angles are determined. Parametric generation occurred at 0.45-2.9-mu;m wavelen…
In order to clarify the roles of cation and anion molecules in the ferridistortive phase transition, four kinds of single crystals of [A(CH 3 ) 4 + ] 2 XBr 4 2- type, where cat-ion sites are occupied either by tetramethylphosphonium ion P(CH 3 ) 4 + or by tetramethylammonium ion N(CH 3 ) 4 + , and anion site either by…
Thermal diffusivity and conductivity of ceramic materials in a system of Si3N4-SiO2-Al2O3-AlN composed of α and β SiAlON (which is well known as duophase SiAlON ceramics) are investigated. Single-phase β-SiAlON ceramic has a thermal conductivity of 12.44 W/m K. The thermal conductivities of SiAlON ceramics decrease li…
We have observed stimulated extraordinary-ordinary wave scattering and cross-polarized self-starting optical phase conjugation effects in a nematic liquid-crystal film. The basic mechanism involved is the nonresonant laser-induced nematic crystal axis reorientation. These processes require low optical power and are ch…
Abstract We measured thermal diffusivity and heat capacity of polymers by laser flash method, and the effects of measurement condition and sample size on the accuracy of the measurement are discussed. Thermal diffusivities of PTFE films with thickness 200–500 μm were the same as those data that have been reported. But…
A simplified version of the specific contact resistance measurement scheme of G. K. Reeves [Solid State Electronics 23, 487 (1980)] has been developed. Its applicability to semiconducting diamond is demonstrated using four sample types: epitaxial films doped to mid 1019 acceptors/cm3 on 〈100〉 and 〈110〉 type IIa substr…
The electric power consumed by hot tantalum and tungsten filaments used to dissociate hydrogen molecules into hydrogen radicals was measured at filament temperatures of 2000, 2300, and 2500 °C and hydrogen pressures from 0.5–100 Torr. The measured power consumption at pressures above 30 Torr was well represented by a…
Abstract d ‐Block transition‐metal‐containing polymer blends which form coordination complexes are described in this treatise. The model compounds are zinc acetate dihydrate, copper acetate dihydrate, nickel acetate tetrahydrate, cobalt chloride hexahydrate, palladium chloride bis (acetonitrile), and the dimer of dich…
Time-resolved hot-stage transmission optical microscopy is used to characterize the nucleation and growth kinetics of amorphous GeTe thin-film crystallization. This technique provides experimental measurements of the fraction crystallized, the number of crystallites, and the crystallite size as a function of annealing…
Formation of aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) alloy/titanium nitride (TiN) layered structures and their electromigration (EM) performance have been investigated. The crystallographic structure of the TiN film changes with the sputter-deposition conditions. A large negative substrate bias in reactive sputtering induces a struc…