Materials Literature
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In recent high resolution transmission electron microscopic studies we have found that high temperature vacuum annealing (1200–1800 K) of ultradispersed (2–5 nm) and micron size diamond produces fullerene-like graphitic species, namely, onion-like carbon and closed curved graphite structures (multilayer nanotubes and…
Evidence for the donor nature of sulfur in diamond was obtained by introducing hydrogen sulfide into the microwave assisted plasma chemical vapor deposition process. The sulfur was successfully doped into homoepitaxial diamond (100) films, which exhibit n-type conduction by Hall-effect measurements in the temperature…
The use of correlation functions to obtain the morphological parameters of crystalline-amorphous two-phase lamellar systems is critically reviewed and extended. It is shown that processing of the experimental SAXS-patterns only significantly affects the curvature of the autocorrelation triangle and that the parameters…
The use of correlation functions to obtain the morphological parameters of crystalline-amorphous two-phase lamellar systems is critically reviewed and extended. It is shown that processing of the experimental SAXS-patterns only significantly affects the curvature of the autocorrelation triangle and that the parameters…
We develop a new approach to characterizing the morphology of rough surfaces based on the analysis of the scaling properties of contour loops, i.e. loops of constant height. Given a height profile of the surface we perform independent measurements of the fractal dimension of contour loops, and the exponent that charac…
We compute the linear optical properties of different reconstructions of the clean and hydrogenated Si(100) surface within DFT-LDA, using norm-conserving pseudopotentials. The equilibrium atomic geometries of the surfaces, determined from self-consistent total-energy calculations within the Car-Parrinello scheme, stro…
Chitosan gel beads were prepared using an in-liquid curing method by the ionotropic crosslinking with sodium tripolyphosphate. Crosslinking characteristics of the chitosan-TPP beads were improved by the modification of in-liquid curing mechanism of the beads in TPP solution. Chitosan gel beads cured in pH value lower…
Application of femtosecond transient absorption in the visible and near-IR spectral ranges and time-resolved photoluminescence allows us to separate electron and hole relaxation paths and to map the structure of interband and intraband optical transitions in CdSe and CdS nanocrystals (NC's) with a wide range of surfac…
With the use of a face-centered cubic model of lattice dynamics we calculate the group velocity of acoustic phonons in the growth direction of periodic superlattices. Comparing with the case of bulk solids, this component of the phonon group velocity is reduced due to the flattening of the dispersion curves associated…
The full symmetry groups for all single-wall and multiwall carbon nanotubes are found. As for the single-wall tubes, the symmetries form non-Abelian nonsymorphic line groups, enlarging the groups reported in the literature. In the multiwall case, any type of line and axial point groups can be obtained, depending on si…
We describe a simulation method based on combining the ideas behind Andersen's thermostat and dissipative particle dynamics (DPD). The result is a Galilean invariant thermostat that conserves momentum and enhances viscosity. It therefore displays the same characteristics as DPD. Our method differs primarily in that it…
The geometries and binding energies of the most stable isomers of nickel, silver, and gold nanoclusters of size 6, 7, 12, 13, 14, 19, 38, 55, and 75 atoms, predicted with an n-body Gupta potential, are presented. An exhaustive search for low-energy minima on the potential energy surface was carried out using an evolut…
Electron dynamics in gold nanoparticles with an average diameter between 9 and 48 nm have been studied by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. Following the plasmon bleach recovery after low power excitation indicates that a non-Fermi electron distribution thermalizes by electron–electron relaxation on a tim…
The relaxation of the $1P$ to $1S$ electronic states of CdSe semiconductor nanocrystals is followed by infrared pump-probe spectroscopy. Fast (1 ps) and slow (>200 ps) components are observed. Using different capping molecules to control the hole states, we show how the intraband relaxation slows down as the hole i…
Highly crystalline, size-selected silicon (Si) nanocrystals in the size range 2--10 nm were grown in inverse micelles and their optical absorption and photoluminescence (PL) properties were studied. High resolution TEM and electron diffraction results show that these nanocrystals retain their cubic diamond structures…
The emission and reflection spectra of ZnO have been investigated in the intrinsic region and the data have been interpreted in terms of the wurtzite crystal band structure. Free-exciton emission is observed for the first time. Both the ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{5}$ and ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{6}$ state excitons associa…
If deposited on a hydrophobic rough substrate, a small drop of water can look like a pearl, with a contact angle close to 180°. We examine the conditions for observing such a phenomenon and show practical achievements where the contact angle can be predicted and thus quantitatively tuned by the design of the surface m…
Formation of the scutes and dermis of the embryonic shell of the turtle Emydura macquarii was studied using light and electron microscopy. Shell morphogenesis begins at embryonic stage 15 and the shape of the shell is mostly completed by embryonic stage 19. The carapace anlagen arises as a thickening of the skin in th…
The synthesis and characterization of 4,4‘-dinonyl-2,2‘-bisoxazole (NBO) and its oligomers are described. The optical, electronic, and structural properties of these oligomers, NBO, NBO 2, and NBO 3, are compared to their sulfur analogues (NBT, NBT 2, and NBT 3 ). In the series (NBO) n and (NBT) n, there is a red shif…
It had long ago been reported that poppy acid crystals encapsulate and orient a great variety of molecules during solution growth and in so doing seem to egregiously violate the principle of isomorphism. To comprehend this surprising host−guest chemistry, and exploit it for measuring anisotropic molecular properties,…