Materials Literature
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Abstract In situ silica reinforcement for the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) vulcanizates, which were premixed with a conventional silica (VN-3) and γ-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (γ-MPS), was achieved by the sol-gel reaction of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) using ethylenediamine. It was observed that the reinforce…
Abstract Gelator 1 which has two aliphatic chains, three amide groups, and one glucosamine unit showed an excellent gelation ability for many organic solvents. The in situ cross-link of these organic gels by toluene-2,4-diisocyanate resulted in new robust gels with high Tgel values, retaining their gel fiber super-str…
The crystallization behavior of nominal-composition GeSb 2 Te 4 films prepared by rf-magnetron sputtering are examined. The crystal structures of the as-sputtered and the annealed films at different annealing temperatures are identified by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. Two phase transformations occur in the conv…
A new Monte Carlo (MC) method is used to interpret experimental stress−optical coefficients ( C ) of polyethylene (PE) networks in uniaxial deformation. The method considers the deformation of individual PE-network chains, whose conformational properties and −CH 2 − segment orientations are calculated using a rotation…
The aim of this study was to make clear the age-hardening mechanism in a dental high carat gold alloy. For this purpose, age-hardening behaviour of a commercial dental high carat gold alloy, 65.5 wt% Au-14.0 wt% Ag-10.0 wt% Cu-8.9 wt% Pt, was investigated by means of hardness testing, X-ray diffraction study and scann…
We have fabricated poly-Si, Si, and Ti silicide field emitter arrays employing in situ vacuum encapsulated lateral field emitter structures and investigated the field emission characteristics such as turn-on voltage, emission current density, and the stability of the emission current. Although poly-Si and Si emitters…
Poling of lead zirconate titanate pyroelectric thin films has been studied. Poling temperature and electrical field were optimized to achieve high figures of merit. We have found a direct correlation between the onset of degradation current and the final pyroelectric coefficient showing that thermal activation for def…
Calculations, confirmed by experimental evidence on a polymer and on two ionically conducting solids, show that the variation of thermally stimulated depolarization currents (TSDC) with the heating rate depends on the polarization decay function that is assumed. This permits discrimination between models usually propo…
A polarity sensitive electrooptical effect has been observed in nematic liquid crystal–polymer mixtures where a gradient of the polymer network density is created by strongly absorbed ultraviolet light. The effect is accounted for by a model based upon consideration of the space charge distribution caused by the polym…
The synthesis and processing of ultrathin polymer films by stepwise adsorption from solution has enjoyed rapid developments in recent years, such that multilayer architectures can now be designed with nano-precision, while electrostatic adsorption of oppositely charged polymers has been used to produce optically and e…
The porous ZnO quenched from 500°C in air showed very low electrical resistance with non-ohmic current–voltage behavior. This characteristic was resulted from the surface energy barrier formed by negatively charged chemisorbed oxygen. The resistance and the non-ohmic exponent of the quenched specimen gradually decreas…
Holographic gratings were recorded on photosensitive Langmuir-Blodgett films characterized by UV spectroscopy, birefringence measurements and atomic force microscopy. Different polarizations of Ar laser writing beams create particular patterns of chromophore orientation in the diffraction spots. The gratings were show…
We have synthesized the ester derivatives of hydroxypropylcellulose by a reaction with alkanoic acids with a carbon number of 2 to 9. All these ester derivatives formed a thermotropic cholesteric liquid crystal. The temperature dependence of the cholesteric pitch was studied and discussed in relation to the side-chain…
The accuracy of a needle probe method in measuring localized magnetic properties of grain-oriented electrical steel sheets was investigated and its application studied. The measuring error for the localized flux density was determined to be less than 1.7% for a load on the needle tip lighter than 300 g when the yoke s…
Variations in lamination conditions, such as pressure, temperature, and time, changed the laminated density of multilayered alumina but had no effect on the sintered density. The present results showed that sintering shrinkage values differ with lamination conditions and vary inversely with laminated density. When lam…
A novel experimental technique has been developed that allows the recovery of specimens within which an adiabatic shear band has been grown as the result of a single torsional pulse. The technique uses a new device called the compression-torsion Kolsky bar; this is an adaptation of the classical torsional Kolsky bar i…
This paper presents high-resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data at 290 K on two Fe-bearing. polycrystalline silicate perovskite samples with approximate compositions (Mg 0.95 Fe 0.05 )SiO 3 synthesized at 25 GPa and 1920 K in a multi-anvil press at different oxygen fugacity conditions. Mössbauer smdies…
Evidence of soil degradation impeding soil tillage and irrigation in cultivated soils in Pakistan is identified, described and represented in a general process of degradation. Based on a chemical analysis of soil characteristics, it is shown that a more general geochemical degradation process may occur in these soils.…
The room temperature IR-and Daman spectra of the different M3RE(PO4)2 (M = K, Rb; RE = La, Eu, Gd) double phosphates were analysed and used to interpret the vibronic side band structure in the photoluminescence spectra.The intraconfigurational 4f-4f electronic transitions in the photoluminescence spectra of the Eu3+ d…
Co-sputtered C-Cu thin film depositions have been performed in the temperature range 80-873 K, the atomic carbon concentration varying from 16% to 96%. To characterize the microstructure of the C-Cu thin films, transmission electron microscopy, extended X-ray absorption fine structure and grazing incidence small angle…