Materials Literature
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Interpretations for the energies corresponding to the peaks in the reflectivity and the imaginary part (${\ensuremath{\epsilon}}_{2}$) of the complex dielectric constant (\ensuremath{\epsilon}=${\ensuremath{\epsilon}}_{1}$+i${\ensuremath{\epsilon}}_{2}$) have been sought successfully using Penn-like model calculations…
The electronic structure of ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{\mathrm{x}}$O (x\ensuremath{\simeq}0.95) has been studied by photoemission spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation. Fe 3d character in the valence band is found to extend over a wide energy range from the top of the valence band to the satellite region, \ensuremath{\sim}15…
Properties of the electrical resistance of a one-dimensional quasicrystal, whose structure is governed by the Fibonacci rule, are studied by means of the Landauer formula. In particular, it is shown that the growth of the resistance with sample length is bounded by a power law for certain energies. More specifically,…
The reconstructions observed on the annealed (111) surfaces of Si and Ge can be explained on the basis of a simple model of the surface energetics. The driving force for the Si 7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}7 reconstruction is the formation of dimer-row domain walls, which order in a triangular pattern for topolo…
The dynamical structure factor S(Q,\ensuremath{\omega}) and the vibrational density of states g(\ensuremath{\omega}) for amorphous silicon have been measured by neutron scattering methods. Computer simulations of S(Q,\ensuremath{\omega}), based on a 216-atom structural model, are in substantial agreement with experime…
We propose that all ${A}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}x}$${B}_{x}$ glasses [where A (B) is a late (early) transition metal] are structurally isomorphic, chemically random alloys which store hydrogen in tetrahedral interstitial sites ${A}_{4\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}n}$${B}_{n}$ (in decreasing order n=4,3,2,. . . ). The maxim…
We report on thermoelectric power measurements of ${\mathrm{TiS}}_{2}$ taken as a function of temperature. These were done on single crystals between 10 and 300 K and confirm previous conclusions, namely the dominance of ionized-impurity scattering at low temperature and acoustic-phonon scattering at higher temperatur…
Polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films are potentially useful in applications requiring electrically controllable light transmission. In these applications, both a high on-state transmittance and a strong off-state attenuation are often needed over a wide operating temperature range. These transmittance charact…
The problem of an electric field applied to an isotropic dielectric containing a crack is considered as far as induced distortions and mechanical stresses are concerned. Near-tip distortions occur when the crack contains a conducting fluid or the surfaces are lined by a conducting layer. Previous treatments of the pro…
We have studied phonon scattering by films of metals, nonmetals, and condensed gases, 2 A\r{} to ${10}^{4}$ A\r{} thick, deposited onto polished faces of Si crystals, through measurements of the thermal conductivity of these crystals in the boundary scattering regime, between 0.05 and 2.0 K. No evidence has been found…
Expressions are derived for the effective phonon deformation potentials of polycrystalline materials, based on the properties of tensor invariants and the Voigt–Reuss–Hill averages [Proc. Phys. Soc. London Sect. A 65, 349 (1952)]. These results, and similar ones for the elastic constants, are used to determine the eff…
A completely ab initio theoretical investigation of the rocksalt-rhombohedral structural phase transition of GeTe is described. Starting from an anharmonic lattice Hamiltonian, a model Hamiltonian that includes coupling of the order parameter to long-wavelength strain is constructed. The parameters appearing in the mo…
We present results for the band structure, charge density, and total-energy-related quantities such as equilibrium lattice constants, bulk moduli, and TO-phonon frequencies for a variety of different semiconducting materials, using a simple ab initio self-consistent linear combination of pseudo-atomic-orbital scheme (…
The present work employs the total-energy pseudopotential technique to calculate the relative stabilities at high pressures of the zinc-blende \ensuremath{\beta}-Sn, and rocksalt structures in the series of compounds BN, BP, and BAs. For compressed volumes these compounds are shown to favor the rocksalt phase over \en…
Accurate full-potential self-consistent linearized augmented-plane-wave (FLAPW) calculations have been carried out for hexagonal boron nitride. The resulting energy-band structure indicates that this material is an indirect-gap insulator and shows the existence of two unoccupied interlayer bands, similar to those foun…
On the basis of a simple functional scaling, we have constructed the direct generalization of the Carnahan–Starling equation for the free energy of a hard sphere fluid to a nematic liquid crystal. The orientational degrees of freedom are completely decoupled from translational ones under that scaling, which is equival…
A phenomenological thermodynamic theory of PbTiO3 was developed using a modified Devonshire form of the elastic Gibbs free energy. The spontaneous strain as a function of temperature was determined from pure sol-gel derived PbTiO3 powder and used with selected data from the literature to determine the coefficients of…
The dielectric properties, such as the real in ' and imaginary in " parts of the complex permittivity and the spontaneous polarisation P s of single-crystal and ceramic Pb(Co 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 with a diffuse phase transition (DPT), were measured under various pressures up to 6 kbar. The value of in ' shows a broad maxim…
Absolute total cross section measurements are presented for e - -Ne and e - -Ar scattering. The covered energy range spans from 100 to 3000 eV. The overall systematic uncertainty was +or-2.4%, the random uncertainty was +or-1.5% and the angular resolution error was less than 0.5%. A comparison with existing experiment…
The end-to-end vector relaxation time, \ensuremath{\tau}, and center-of-mass diffusion constant, D, of a nonintersecting chain with nearest-neighbor attractive interactions were investigated. Data were obtained by Monte Carlo simulation of motion as a function of temperature in the free-draining approximation. The ran…