Materials Literature
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Sintered ceramic preforms with open pore volumes from 20% to 80% (with no alteration in sintering shrinkage) were developed by adding pyrolyzable pore‐forming agents (PFAs) to a tape‐casting colloidal suspension. Sintered porous characteristics were directly controlled by the amount, size, and distribution of the PFA…
Thin supported palladium membranes were prepared using electroless plating technique. The intrinsic plating kinetics were determined for hydrazine-based palladium plating baths. Mathematical models were developed to predict film thickness and plating rate as a function of plating parameters (i.e., reactant concentrati…
This volume on technetium is the third volume in a series of critical reviews of the chemical thermodynamic properties of elements of special importance to modelling efforts for the safety assessment of radioactive waste disposal systems, and is the only one concerned with a fission product element. The first two volu…
A tutorial review of the theory of curvature elasticity of thin films is presented with an emphasis on the physical origins of the bending energy. We begin with a discussion of surface curvature and focus on the role of special surfaces of curvature to show how such surfaces can be defined to eliminate either the coup…
The influence of the parameters of the deposition−precipitation method used to prepare Ni/SiO 2 samples on the size of nickel metal particles was investigated by temperature-programmed reduction, transmission electron microscopy, and thermogravimetry. The results show that the average metal particle size, which varies…
The domain nucleation and growth during polarization switching in Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) ferroelectric thin film capacitors with Pt top (TE) and bottom electrodes (BE) were studied by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM). The experimental configuration used in this study differs from that conventionally used (AFM tip/PZT…
ABSTRACT Gelatin films were prepared by enzymatic cross‐linking with transglutaminase, and their mechanical and barrier properties were evaluated as functions of relative humidity (RH, 30 to 75%), temperature (15 to 35°C) and glycerol content (15 to 31%). Water and glycerol plasticized the films synergistically, resul…
By framework structures are meant materials consisting of relatively stiff units such as octahedra or tetrahedra, joined by shared oxygen (or other) atoms at the corners. Examples are ZrW 2 O 8 and many aluminosilicates. Rigid rotation of the units often gives a reduction of the volume or of some lattice constant as a…
Starting from the question, what fast electronic transport is based on, and why organic materials in general are more problematic in this respect than typical inorganic ones, methods are introduced that allow to measure the principal material property charge carrier mobility. Some representative experimental results a…
This paper presents the analysis of corrosion damages of metallic materials after application in waste fired boilers. The first part gives a description of corroded metallic specimens, collected from different grate fired plants in Germany and it will provide the base information for thermodynamic calculations and lab…
We revealed that the yield of SWNTs formed by Nd:YAG laser ablation depends on the target composition with yields following the order C x Ni y Co y > C x Ni y ≫ C x Co z . The SWNT bundles in the web formed when using the C x Ni y Co y target (web-C x Ni y Co y ) is thicker and longer than those in the web-C x Ni y .…
We have studied the effect of misfit strain on the microstructure and properties of ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate thin films. We have changed the misfit strain by varying the film thickness and studied the thickness effect on the domain formation of epitaxial PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 (PZT) films grown by pulsed laser de…
High‐density lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics have been successfully prepared by using a novel mechanochemical fabrication technique, which skips the phase‐forming calcination at an intermediate temperature that is always required in the industrial processes currently in use. The fabrication technique starts wit…
Recently, we reported on the improvement of hydrothermal stability of mesoporous silica using salts solutions (Ryoo, R.; Jun, S. J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101, 317. Ryoo et al. J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 17718). The salt effect has been reinvestigated here to solve problems of poor reproducibility. It turned out that the…
Silicon nitride materials that contained different mixtures of sintering aids were investigated with respect to microstructure development and resulting fracture toughness. Postsintering annealing at 1850°C for various times was adopted in order to coarsen the respective microstructures. Although constant processing c…
The crystallization kinetics and mechanism of low‐dielectric, low‐temperature, cofirable CaO‐B 2 O 3 ‐SiO 2 glass‐ceramics were investigated. Crystalline phases formed during firing included calcium silicates (CaSiO 3 , Ca 3 Si 2 O 7 , Ca 2 SiO 4 ) and calcium borate (CaB 2 O 4 ), with crystalline wollastonite (CaSiO…
A novel segmented polyurethane/clay (PU/clay) nanocomposite based on poly(caprolactone), diphenylmethane diisocyanate, butanediol, and poly(caprolactone)/clay prepolymer was synthesized as evidenced by FTIR and X-ray diffraction studies. Poly(caprolactone)/clay (PCL/clay) prepolymer was first synthesized in a nanocomp…
This paper reports on the fabrication process of As-S-(Se)-based chalcogenide glass optical waveguides using three techniques: photolithography, laser beam writing, and ion implantation. The fabrication method of the bulk sulfide glasses and the processing of integrated devices are described and assessed in light of t…
We examine the network of forces to be expected in a static assembly of hard, frictionless spherical beads of random sizes, such as a colloidal glass. Such an assembly is minimally connected: the ratio of constraint equations to contact forces approaches unity for a large assembly. However, the bead positions in a fin…
We explore the possibility that polaronic distortions in the paramagnetic phase of ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.67}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.33}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ manganites persist in the ferromagnetic phase by considering the observed electrical resistivity to arise from coexisting field- and temperature-dependent polaronic and band-e…