Materials Literature
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The structure of the tetrahedral backbone and the nature and time scale of the temperature-dependent structural changes in binary Ge-Se glasses and supercooled liquids with ≤33.33 atom % Ge have been investigated using ambient and high-temperature Raman spectroscopy. The composition dependence of the relative fraction…
A new and universal synthetic strategy to hybridize metal oxides and conduct polymer nanocomposites has been proposed in this work. The simultaneous reaction process, which includes the generation of metal oxide layers, the oxidation polymerization of monomers, and the in situ formation of polymer-metal oxides sandwic…
We give an overview of the use of cathodoluminescence (CL) in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the nano-scale characterization of semiconducting materials and devices. We discuss the technical aspects of the measurement, such as factors limiting the spatial resolution and design considerations for efficient coll…
One way to focus the diffuse energy of a sound field in a liquid is by acoustically driving bubbles into nonlinear oscillation. A rapid and nearly adiabatic bubble collapse heats up the bubble interior and produces intense concentration of energy that is able to emit light (sonoluminescence) and to trigger chemical re…
In this paper, electrical treeing was investigated in room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubber (SiR) over a range of ambient temperatures. An ac voltage with a frequency of 50 Hz was applied between a needle-plate electrode to initiate the electrical tree at different ambient temperatures. Both the structures…
Recent studies have shown that the total magnetic moment in off-stoichiometric Ni–Mn–Ga alloys depends not only on electronic concentration but also on the degree of chemical order in the alloy. We have performed neutron diffraction experiments and magnetization measurements for determining the preferential atomic ord…
High pressure dynamic tube blocking tests have been conducted to determine the effect of iron (divalent and trivalent), calcium, magnesium, and sodium ions on the formation of calcium carbonate and barium sulfate scale with and without added scale inhibitors. Scale inhibitors were chosen to represent the three main fu…
The electron-beam-induced damage in a zeolite under 60--200 keV energy beam irradiation has both radiolitic and knock-on components and can be described by linear superposition of these two processes. Theoretical predictions supported by experiments at 60 keV suggest that for electron beam energies smaller than 70 keV…
Abstract Three new Mn III complexes, {[Mn 2 (salen) 2 (OCn)](ClO 4 )} n ( 1 ), {[Mn 2 (salen) 2 (OPh)](ClO 4 )} n ( 2 ) and {[Mn 2 (salen) 2 (OBz)](ClO 4 )} 2 ( 3 ) (where salen = N , N′ ‐bis(salicylidene)‐1,2‐diaminoethane dianion, OCn = cinnamate, OPh = phenylacetate and OBz = benzoate), have been synthesized and ch…
We report and discuss significant results on the magnetic losses and their frequency dependence insoft magnetic composites. Two types of bonded Fe-based materials have been characterized atdifferent inductions from dc to 10 kHz and analyzed by extending the concept of loss separation and the related statistical theory…
The process of osmotically driven crystal morphogenesis of polyoxometalate (POM)-based crystals is investigated, whereby the transformation results in the growth of micrometer-scale tubes 10-100 μm in diameter and many thousands of micrometers long. This process initiates when the crystals are immersed in aqueous solu…
Nanocrystalline metal (M)-modified ferrite catalysts codoped with copper in atomic ratios Fe/M/Cu = 10/1/0.25 are synthesized and investigated for the high temperature water gas shift (WGS) reaction. The metal modifiers considered in the present work include M = Cr, Ce, Ni, Co, Mn, and Zn. The goal of the present work…
Plantaricin 423, produced by Lactobacillus plantarum, and bacteriocin ST4SA produced by Enterococcus mundtii, were electrospun into nanofibers prepared from different combinations of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Both peptides were released from the…
Abstract We demonstrate here that Ni nanoparticles, which are inactive for the decomposition of hydrous hydrazine at room temperature, can exhibit drastically enhanced catalytic performance with an increase in reaction temperature to 323 K. At this reaction temperature, complete conversion of hydrous hydrazine with 10…
When power cables are loaded under high voltage direct current (HVDC), an accumulation of space charge and a radial distribution of temperature gradient are developed across the insulation material. Such existence and accumulation of space charge within the insulating material poses a threat to the reliability of the…
The electronic properties of few-layer graphene grown on the carbon face of silicon carbide (SiC) are found to be strongly dependent on the number of layers. The carrier mobility is larger in thicker graphene because substrate-related scattering is reduced in the higher layers. The carrier density dependence of the mo…
A Monte Carlo based computer model is presented to comprehend the contrasting observations of Mazumder et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 255704 (2004) and Phys. Rev. B 72, 224208 (2005)], based on neutron-scattering measurements, on temporal evolution of effective fractal dimension and characteristic length for hydration o…
A new class of superparamagnetism was found in relaxor ferroelectric 2/3BiFeO$_{3}$-1/3BaTiO$_{3}$. The size of the magnetic particle, estimated from the superparamagnetic magnetization curve, coincides with the size of the polar nanoregion (PNR), which governs the relaxor ferroelectric property. This suggests that th…
We report from first-principles-based atomistic simulations that ferroelectricity can be sustained in PbTiO(3) nanoparticles of only a few lattice constants in size as a result of a toroidal ordering. We find that size-induced topological transformations lead to the stabilization of a ferroelectric bubble by the align…
For optimal processing and design of entangled polymeric materials it is important to establish a rigorous link between the detailed molecular composition of the polymer and the viscoelastic properties of the macroscopic melt. We review current and past computer simulation techniques and critically assess their abilit…