Materials Literature
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Abstract This chapter covers the basic metallurgy of titanium, explaining how it influences the development of microstructure and the mechanical properties that can be achieved. It describes the nature of each of the four major phases of titanium, the effect of alloying elements on phase transformations, and the forma…
This paper recommends Pt-oxide for noble electrode of capacitor in advanced ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM). Pt-oxide was deposited by an rf magnetron sputtering system with varying O 2 flow ratio [O 2 /(O 2 +Ar)] on sol-gel derived Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 . The deposition rate of Pt-oxide was higher than that of Pt be…
The transmission characteristics of wire grid polarizers fabricated in finite apertures are investigated by using a three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain formulation. Specifically, the optical transmissivity and extinction ratio are characterized for a wide variety of geometrical parameters including apertur…
The corrosion resistance of a unidirectionally solidified alumina/yttrium aluminum garnet (Al 2 O 3 /YAG) eutectic mixture was investigated at high temperature. Samples were exposed to high temperature (1200°–1800°C) in different atmospheres, which included argon, argon/water vapor, air, and air/water vapor. The most…
X-ray photoelectron spectra of Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 glasses were measured by a monochromatised Al-Ka XPS instrument with a novel charge control method. Chemical shifts of core level photoelectron spectra of the glass constituent ions were investigated with glass composition with respect to the external energy refere…
Electronic band structure calculations based on the full-potential linear augmented plane-wave method have been performed for ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{16}{\mathrm{N}}_{2}.$ The calculations are performed with the crystal parameters recently refined [H. Tanaka et al., Acta Mater. 45, 1401 (1997)] in addition to the previous rep…
FTIR Characterization of Fluorine Doped Silicon Dioxide Thin Films Deposited by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition, Wang Peng-Fei, Ding Shi-Jin, Zhang Wei, Zhang Jian-Yun, Wang Ji-Tao, Lee William Wei
Polycarbonate is a very broadly used material across various industries; however, in order to improve its processability, it is generally blended with acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymer (ABS). As presented here, the proportion of ABS used is a highly important parameter, since it can affect the useful propertie…
Catalysts, coatings, and structural components are some of the applications of the synthetic inorganic materials described here, which range from zeolites to carbides and nitrides. The in-situ growth of β-Si3N4 whiskers from α-Si3N4 grains is depicted the Figure. Self-reinforced silicon nitride results, as the whisker…
Effects of the concentration of poloxamer 407, temperature, and the concentration of sericin on the gelation of silk sericin (SS) were studied. Gelation of SS was accelerated with an increase in poloxamer concentration and temperature. The sol-gel transition of SS became irreversible with respect to the temperature in…
The near-infrared spectrum of hydrothermally synthesised pyrophyllite (400° and 450 °C at 1 kbar for 7 days) has been compared to that of natural pyrophyllite. The near-infrared spectra are very similar and only very minor differences are observed in the band positions and intensities. The bands >7,000 cm are assig…
Ti-13Nb-13Zr is a new titanium alloy that was originally developed for medical implant applications. This alloy combines a low elastic modulus, high strength, excellent hot and cold workability, and superior corrosion resistance. Research on this alloy has shown that the mechanical properties can be controlled over a…
Abstract Titanium is a lightweight metal with a density approximately 60% that of steel and, through alloying and deformation processing, it can be just as strong. It is readily available in many grades and forms and can be further processed using standard methods and techniques. This chapter provides a concise review…
A single-crystal neutron diffraction study of the organic non-linear optical material 3-(1,1-dicyanoethenyl)-1-phenyl-4, 5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole (hereafter DCNP), space group Cc, is presented. The study was conducted in order to relate the structural characteristics of the compound to its physical properties. DCNP exhib…
Two series of monodisperse, terminally donor-donor [D-D, D=4-(dimethylamino)phenyl] and acceptor-acceptor [A-A, A=4-nitrophenyl] functionalized poly(triacetylene) (PTA) oligomers ranging from monomer to hexamer were synthesized by oxidative Hay oligomerization under end-capping conditions. The corresponding D-D and A-…
Improving the processability while maintaining excellent stretch and elasticity is very important for elastomeric materials. Here is discussed the processing and properties of several recently developed elastomers, and it is shown that optimum elastic recovery can be achieved by blending polyolefin elastomers with ful…
By using the unrestricted Hartree-Fock approximation and the real-space recursion method, we have investigated various magnetic structures in an enlarged double cell of layered perovskite ${\mathrm{LaSrCoO}}_{4}.$ These include the low-spin state ${(t}_{2g}^{6}{e}_{g}^{0}),$ the intermediate-spin state ${(t}_{2g}^{5}{…
Silicon carbide matrix composites have been fabricated from either ceramic‐grade Nicalon TM or Hi‐Nicalon TM fibers coated with an interface material consisting of six alternating carbon and silicon carbide layers. Initial efforts involved the use of chemical vapor infiltration to produce minicomposites (single tows o…
Wood-polymer composites (WPC) are made from wood and monomers that are polymerized inside the wood. Combining wood with polymer enhances the physical properties of the wood, allowing the composite to be tailored to specific applications. This paper reviews the processes and monomers used to make WPC, physical properti…
The foaming of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) with CO2 as a blowing agent reduces material input for existing applications and also leads to improved material properties for new applications. Therefore the correlations between process parameters and the resulting foam quality are examined in this paper. The solubil…