The Use of Small-Scale Specimens for Testing Irradiated Material
Description Twenty-two papers appear in this volume. The papers are divided into two areas: • strength and ductility • fatigue and fracture
Materials Literature
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Heavy metal oxide glasses containing Bi2O3
Pour repousser la limite d'absorption des verres d'oxydes vers une longueur d'onde aussi elevee que possible, on a concu des systemes de verres contenant de l'oxyde de bismuth et de l'oxyde de plomb comme formateurs de reseau primaires, des additions d'oxyde ferrique a PbO−Bi 2 O 3 , CdO−Bi 2 O 3 , CdO−PbO−Bi 2 O 3 ab…
The structure and energetics of defects in liquid crystals
The study of defects in ordered media has become a subject of considerable interest to condensed matter physicists in recent years. This article presents a systematic account of the structures, energies and interactions of defects in the nematic, smectic, cholesteric and discotic phases of liquid crystals. Relevant ex…
Fiber-reinforced silicon carbide
On decrit la fabrication de composites de SiC renforces de fibres ceramiques par impregnation de vapeur chimique, liaison reactive par impregnation de silicium liquide, impregnation avec polymerisation subsequente et decomposition thermique des composes organosilicies. Les bases chimiques et physiques de ces processus…
The relationship between microstructure and mode of fracture in polyhydroxybutyrate
Abstract Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a bacterially produced thermoplastic. Melt‐cast PHB sheets are usually quite brittle. We show that this brittleness is due to cracks within the spherulites. These cracks, which may be either radial or circumferential within the spherulites, depending on the crystallization tempera…
Conducting polymer solutions
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConducting polymer solutionsJane E. FrommerCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1986, 19, 1, 2–9Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00121a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ar0…
Thermal conductivity of metals and alloys
The theory of the thermal conductivity of metals and alloys is reviewed. There are two components: electronic and lattice. The electronic component is related to the electrical conductivity by the Lorenz ratio. Deviations from the Sommerfeld value of the Lorentz ratio are discussed. At high temperature deviations are…
Cavitation erosion of materials
After a brief historical survey of cavitation and its deleterious effects, erosion and material response are considered from the point of view of stress field generation caused by cavitation collapse and the ensuing physical and chemical processes which contribute to erosion damage. The microstructural aspects of plas…
Nonlinear parameter estimation: A case study comparison
Abstract The literature abounds with the application of optimization methods for estimating model parameters in equation systems. The utility of these methods is frequently demonstrated on pathological examples using simulated data generated from a known model with a random error component and a known statistical dist…
Size dependence of growth and photosynthesis in diatoms: a synthesis
The dependence of growth and photosythesis on cell size in diatoms is evaluated in terms of an energy-balance model of microalgal physiology. Based on a review of available observations it appears that cell size can account for much of the interspecific variability in maximum growth rate ( p, , , ) and in optical abso…
A novel graphite-like material of composition BC 3 , and nitrogen–carbon graphites
Interaction of benzene with boron trichloride at 800 °C yields a graphite-like metallic solid of composition BC3, and chlorine–pyridine mixtures at 800 °C give a nitrogen–carbon also having a graphite-like structure.
Electrically conducting composites of colloidal polypyrrole and methylcellulose
The oxidation of pyrrole by iron(III) chloride in aqueous solutions of methylcellulose yields colloidal solutions of conducting polypyrrole which can be used to prepare thin films with maximum conductivity of 0.2 S/cm.
Thermodynamic, structural and morphological studies on liquid-crystalline blue phases
This article describes the progress in experimental studies of liquid-crystalline blue phases during the past 5 years. Additionally, these results are compared critically with the predictions of theories of the blue phases. Areas considered in this review include (i) the thermodynamic stability of the three polymorphi…
Group theory and polarisation algebra
Approche unifiee a l'algebre de la polarisation en utilisant les groupes unitaires speciaux SU(2) et SU(4) et leurs homomorphismes respectifs et les groupes orthogonaux reels O + (3) et O + (6)
Invited Review Article
Since 1935, various mechanisms have been suggested for the formation of subsurface lesions and, in particular, the surface layer covering enamel lesions. The relatively intact mineral-rich and porous surface layer is most likely caused by kinetic events. The suggested mineral-rich outer layer in sound enamel, the orga…
Organization of Extracellularly Mineralized Tissues: A Comparative Study of Biological Crystal Growt
Biological mineralization processes are extremely diverse and, to date, it is an act of faith rather than an established principle that organisms utilize common mechanisms for forming crystals. A systematic analysis of the structural organization, as far as possible at the molecular level, of five different extracellu…
Diatoms as Indicators of Organic Pollution
Abstract There is given a list of 323 taxa of freshwater diatoms occurring in waters of Central Europe. Each taxon is characterized by 10 balls of saprobic valence, the indicative weight of species (I i ) and by the individual saprobic index (S i ) indicating its position on a conventional scale of saprobity. Diatoms…
Principles of Materials Science and Engineering
This book attempts to provide basic knowledge about the structure, properties, and processing of engineering materials and their applications. The first chapter gives an introduction to materials science and engineering and briefly describes the main types of engineering materials. Chapters 2 to 4 cover basic material…
Highly conducting, soluble, and environmentally-stable poly(3-alkylthiophenes)
Homopolymers and copolymers of 3-alkylthiophenes incorporating alkyl groups equal to or greater than butyl in size can be handled in solution and form highly conducting, environmentally-stable compositions on doping.
Soluble conducting polythiophenes
Tractable polythiophenes which are soluble in ordinary organic solvents at ambient temperatures are prepared by the electrochemical polymerization of thiophenes having a long alkyl chain.