Materials Literature
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Measurements of transient magnetic birefringence are reported for isotropic solutions of a biological rodlike macromolecule, bacterial virus fd. A steep increase of the birefringence and a slowing down of the relaxation process are observed just below the concentration at which the liquid-crystalline phase appears. Th…
High-resolution phase diagrams of four binary liquid-crystal mixtures exhibiting nematic, smectic-A, smectic-C multicritical points are found to be universal.Received 23 September 1982DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.50.178©1983 American Physical Society
A resolution to the controversy over the magnitude of the effective short-range Coulomb interaction in molecular conductors is proposed by showing that it depends very strongly on band filling because of intermolecular correlations.
M-C calculations based on the Fröhlich-theory of electron–LO-phonon scattering are used to determine energy losses and attenuation lengths of excited electrons with initial energies E0 < Eg ≈ ≈ 9 eV within the conduction band of SiO2. The attenuation length depending on an electric field F can be described by λa(F) =…
The temperature dependence of the impedance at frequencies between 100 Hz and 5 MHz and of the dc resistance of SrTiO3 and BaTiO3 single crystals are investigated in the temperature range between 300 and 1300 K. An anomalous behaviour of the capacitance can be explained phenom-enologically as due to the combined effec…
The electron mobilities associated with the transverse-optical (TO) mode are discussed in the perovskite oxide ferroelectric semiconductors. In this scattering model the instability of the TO mode is taken into account, so that the spontaneous polarization and the soft mode produce an important effect on the electron…
We show in this paper that, notwithstanding the isotropic nature of Miedema's semi-empirical theory for the heat of formation $\ensuremath{\Delta}H$ of intermetallic phases, and contrary to the present view in literature, the parameters ${\ensuremath{\Phi}}^{*}$ and ${n}_{\mathrm{WS}}$ used to predict the signs of $\e…
The electrical resistivity of three exfoliated graphites (Grafoil, Foam, and Union Carbide UCAR-ZYX) has been measured in the temperature range 1.5-300 K. While the resistivity measured across the rolling plane, ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$, is comparable to the $c$-axis resistivity of highly oriented py…
The thermodynamic stability, the dielectric, diamagnetic, and elastic properties of mixtures of polar as well as those of nonpolar nematic liquid crystals were investigated and compared to the properties of their components. Small deviations from the ideal behavior were observed and attributed to differences in the pa…
Procedures are presented for the accurate calculation of the total energy of a solid within the framework of the local-density approximation. The starting point is a self-consistent band calculation using a basis of localized orbitals. The method is applied to study the total energy of metallic lithium as a function o…
Recent Brillouin scattering studies of relaxation in the simple ion system Ca++–K+/NO−3 (two particles of argon structure and a small anion) provide the experimental basis for a direct comparison of glass transformation phenomenology in computer simulated LJ argon ‘‘glass,’’ with that in laboratory substances studied…
The stage and temperature dependences of the in-plane thermal conductivity of graphite-Fe${\mathrm{Cl}}_{3}$ acceptor intercalation compounds are reported and analyzed, as well as the temperature dependence of a stage-5 potassium donor compound. The measured thermal conductivity is tentatively separated into an electr…
We have measured the enhanced Raman scattering by a liquid (methyl alcohol) in contact with an evaporated film of silver (\ensuremath{\sim}400 \AA{}) deposited on the flat surface of a hemispherical prism. The exciting laser light (5145 \AA{}) was incident on the film through the prism and the scattered light from the…
Experimental measurements and theoretical calculations are reported which may resolve some of the remaining difficulties associated with photoemission from anion vacancies in thermochemically reduced MgO crystals. The intensities of the 2.3- and 3.2-eV luminescence bands are found to be strongly influenced by both the…
Vanadium dioxide (VO2) film which has nearly the same transition point as single crystal has been obtained by reactive evaporation of vanadium on glass and subsequent annealing in N2 gas. Relations between optical properties of V02 film and its preparation conditions are presented. We made optical direct bit recording…
Carbon dioxide formation from coadsorbed atomic oxygen and molecular carbon monoxide has been characterized using temperature programmed reaction spectroscopy over a wide range of initial oxygen and carbon monoxide coverages. The experiments were performed in an apparatus containing Auger electron spectroscopy, low en…
Results are reported of polar magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements performed at room temperature on the Heusler alloy PtMnSb in the wavelength range 280–2000 nm. The double Kerr rotation has a maximum in excess of 2.5° at 720 nm, which is to our knowledge the highest room-temperature Kerr rotation reported thus fa…
The inelastic neutron, Raman, and infrared vibrational spectra of vitreous Si${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$, Ge${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$, and Be${\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ are reported in detail and compared with one another. The neutron spectrum is shown to be a good measure of the vibrational density of states for glassy Si${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ a…
With the use of a lattice-dynamical model which reproduces observed phonon dispersion curves very accurately, the isotope scattering of near-zone-boundary acoustic phonons in Ge is investigated theoretically. We show that the lattice dispersion which becomes appreciable in the THz-frequency region leads to the phonon…
Photoemission, Auger, and x-ray absorption spectroscopy have been used in a systematic study of small metal clusters on a variety of supports. The degree of cluster-support interaction for clusters of group-VIII and noble metals can be divided into two categories: supports with localized $p$ or $d$ orbitals with bindi…