Materials Literature
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Abstract Baked products lose quality by loss of moisture, staling and mould growth. The objective of this study was to determine the possibility of reducing mould growth during bread storage through interaction with active packaging film. Cellulose acetate films containing 0%, 2% and 4% sodium propionate were prepared…
Redistribution reactions are used in the synthesis of several preceramic polymers. Moreover, redistributions play a major role in the pyrolysis of these precursors. Examples of thermal redistributions involving the exchange of Si—O/Si—X bonds (X = O, H, C, …) in polysiloxanes, precursors to silicon–oxygen–carbon ceram…
In conventional structure refinement, the discrepancy between the calculated magnitudes and those observed in X-ray experiments is attributed to errors inherent in preliminary assigned values of the model parameters. However, the chosen set of model parameters may not be adequate to describe the structure factors prec…
This article describes the admittance-frequency feature of a class of SnO2⋅CoO-based polycrystalline ceramics with high nonlinear current–voltage characteristics (nonlinear coefficients above 50). Broad relaxation peaks caused by the presence of deep trap states were characterized based on the admittance response of d…
Gray scale image analysis is used to evaluate visual features of wrinkles in plain fabrics made from cotton, linen, rayon, wool. silk, and polyester. The angular second moment, contrast, correlation, and entropy extracted from the gray level co-occurrence matrix are measured as visual feature parameters. The fractal d…
UNLABELLED: ENDscript is a web server grouping popular programs such as BLAST, Multalin and DSSP. It uses as query the co-ordinates file of a protein in Protein Data Bank format and generates PostScript and png figures showing: residues conserved after a multiple alignment against homologous sequences, secondary struc…
The effect of a strong electric field on the metal-insulator phase transition in vanadium dioxide was studied. It was found that the field application to a silicon-silicon oxide-silicon nitride-vanadium dioxide (Si-SiO 2 -Si 3 N 4 -VO 2 ) heterostructure shifts the critical temperature of this transition toward lower…
The water detritiation system (WDS) of tritium plant for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) was designed. The concept of the Combined Electrolysis Catalytic Exchange (CECE) process was selected for the WDS. The design conditions are (a) tritium concentration of waste water: 3.7 × 1010∼3.7 × 10…
Polymerization of tyrosine derivatives has been carried out by using two enzymes, peroxidase and protease, as catalyst to give poly(tyrosine)s with different structures. Tyrosine ester hydrochlorides were oxidatively polymerized by a peroxidase in a buffer. Using a high buffer concentration produced the polymer in goo…
Flexural creep tests were performed on sisal-fiber-PCL (polycapro-lactone)-starch composites at different temperatures. The creep compliance increased with the increase of temperature and with the decrease of the fiber content. However, the fragmentation of the polymer macromolecules and the natural fiber fragmentatio…
A pyridoxamine equivalent, 9-aminothioxanthene 10,10-dioxide, has been designed that is capable of affording transamination in good to excellent yields of natural as well as artificial amino acids. Amidines and guanidines in catalytic amounts were capable of performing [1,3]-proton transfer in the imines under mild co…
A crystalline salt has been synthesized that contains H(+) and Na(-) rather than the usual hydride oxidation states of H(-) and Na(+). The key is irreversible encapsulation of H(+) within the cage of 3(6)adamanzane (Adz). The internal proton is kinetically inert to reduction by Na(-) in solution in NH(3)-MeNH(2) mixtu…
Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy was performed by depositing Ag particles by dc sputtering on thin diamond films prepared by hot filament chemical vapor deposition. Enhancement of Raman signal by a factor up to 100 could be obtained by controlling the Ag particle size. Raman spectra from different locations through…
Multitemperature (15, 100, 150, 200, 300, 450, 600, 900 K) single crystal neutron diffraction data on the type I clathrate Ba8Ga16Si30 are reported. For the framework atoms reciprocal space structural refinements give total occupancies in the unit cell of Ga/Si=3.8/2.2, 1.8/14.2, 10.2/13.8 for the 6c, 16i, and 24k sit…
The adsorption of benzene, naphthalene, and anthracene on the TiO2(110) surface has been investigated using near edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy (NEXAFS), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermal programmed desorption. For all three adsorbates a planar adsorption geometry is found. In contrast to the bonding o…
We describe a convenient lithographic technique that can produce simple, repetitive micropatterns over large areas (several square centimeters). The technique uses an illuminated array of micrometer-scale lenses to generate an array of optical patterns in an image plane located within micrometer distances from the len…
Abstract Amorphous and nanostructured TiNi-based alloys (Ti50Ni50, Ti49.5 Ni50.5, Ti50Ni49Fe1, in at.%) were first produced using two techniques of severe plastic deformation (SPD), namely high pressure torsion (HPT) and equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscop…
Monodisperse spherical polystyrene particles were suspended at the interface between decane and water, and then subjected to extensional flow. Their lattice structure was observed to pass from a hexagonal array at rest, through a liquidlike state as flow was first applied, and finally to a new semi-ordered, anisotropi…
In considering structural materials for fusion reactors a detailed understanding of the transport parameters and solubility of hydrogen and its isotopes is an important issue which deal with safety and blanket performance aspects.The experimental activities were focused on the determination of hydrogen/deuterium trans…
The present study represents a new concept: the possibility of preparing a rubber compound filled with silica without the use of a silane coupling agent. For this purpose two different types of silica have been compounded with two different grades of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) without the use of a silane coupling…