Materials Literature
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Abstract Migration of compounding ingredients is an important factor in the overall properties and performance of rubber articles containing a number of layers for example, a tire, a hose or a conveyor belt. In certain cases, migration of compounding ingredients before, during and after vulcanization in rubber compoun…
Mixtures of rodlike and disklike liquid crystals suffer from phase separation. However, such mixtures can be homogenized if a molecule is added which comprises a rod- and a disklike fragment linked together covalently. We have termed such a molecule a shape amphiphile and believe that this represents a new class of am…
In order to investigate the relationship between the susceptibility of primary water stress corrosion cracking (PWSCC) in Alloy 600 and the content of dissolved hydrogen (DH) in the primary water of pressurized water reactors (PWR), structural analysis of oxide films formed under four different DH conditions in simula…
In local drug delivery, nanoparticles based on biodegradable polymers can function as vehicles with controlled drug-release properties. To achieve a well-controlled drug-release profile, control over the particle size is of great importance. Therefore, biodegradable polyester nanoparticles were prepared by the salting…
Abstract This paper introduces an approach where the match of two different length scales, i.e., pattern from self‐assembly of block copolymer micelles (< 100 nm) and electron‐beam (e‐beam) writing (> 50 nm), allow the grouping of nanometer‐sized gold clusters in very small numbers in even aperiodic pattern and…
We have studied the reaction kinetics of ten manganese porphyrins, differing in their meso substituents, with peroxynitrite (ONOO-) and carbonate radical anion (CO3.) using stopped-flow and pulse radiolysis, respectively. Rate constants for the reactions of Mn(III) porphyrins with ONOO- ranged from 1 x 10(5) to 3.4 x…
For sparse materials like graphitic systems and carbon nanotubes the standard density functional theory (DFT) faces significant problems because it cannot accurately describe the van der Waals interactions that are essential to the carbon-nanostructure materials behavior. While standard implementations of DFT can desc…
We discuss a new narrow-gap ferromagnetic (FM) semiconductor alloy, In(1-x)Mn(x)Sb, and its growth by low-temperature molecular-beam epitaxy. The magnetic properties were investigated by direct magnetization measurements, electrical transport, magnetic circular dichroism, and the magneto-optical Kerr effect. These dat…
Spin-orbit coupling effects are studied in quantum dots in InSb, a narrow-gap material. Competition between different Rashba and Dresselhaus terms is shown to produce wholesale changes in the spectrum. The large (and negative) $g$-factor and the Rashba field produce states where spin is no longer a good quantum number…
Fine-scale probes of many complex electronic materials have revealed a non-uniform nanoworld of sign-varying textures in strain, charge and magnetization, forming meandering ribbons, stripe segments or droplets. We introduce and simulate a Ginzburg-Landau model for a structural transition, with strains coupling to cha…
Protonation of fourth-generation poly(amidoamine) dendrimers terminated with hydroxyl and amine functional groups has been studied by potentiometric pH titration. The titration data are analyzed using a multishell structural model and a Frumkin adsorption isotherm to approximate proton−dendrimer binding equilibria. Si…
The precise stoichiometry required for the acetylation of surface amines of a poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer generation 5 (G5) was verified by using potentiometric titration, gel permeation chromatography, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The average number of primary amine groups, absolute molecular w…
A fascinating structural transformation occurring inside single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is the fullerene coalescence, which is responsible for forming stable zeppelinlike carbon molecules. We report in situ transmission electron microscope (TEM) observations revealing sequences of fullerene coalescence induced…
Forward Preface Contributors COMMON CONCEPTS Introduction General Vacuum Techniques Mass and Density Measurements Thermometry Symmetry in Crystallography Particle Scattering Sample Preparation for Metallography COMPUTATION AND THEORETICAL METHODS Introduction Introduction to Computation Summary of Electronic Structure…
The radical scavenging effects of chitooligosaccharides (COSs) on hydroxyl radical, superoxide radical, alkyl radical, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical were investigated using a spin-trapping electron spin resonance (ESR) method and compared with the ESR signal intensity. COSs exhibited strong scavengi…
Abstract This paper investigates the effect of varying the geometry of the die on the cell nucleation behavior of extruded PS foams blown with CO 2 . Three interchangeable groups of carefully calibrated filamentary dies have been used in the experimental study. The dies were deliberately designed to have either differ…
The structural and magnetic properties of ball-milled Fe75Cu4Ni4Mo2B15 alloy have been investigated through powder X-ray diffraction studies, magnetization and magnetoimpedance measurements. The particle size decreased rapidly with ball-milling up to 165 hours and then remained as a constant with further hours of mill…
Biologically conjugated quantum dots (QDs) have shown great promise as multiwavelength fluorescent labels for on-chip bioassays and eukaryotic cells. However, use of these photoluminescent nanocrystals in bacteria has not previously been reported, and their large size (3 to 10 nm) makes it unclear whether they inhibit…
This paper reports the tunability of a two-component gel system based on dendritic l-lysine with a focal point carboxylic acid group and aliphatic diamines. The microscopic structure and macroscopic properties of the gel can be modulated by changing the concentration of the components, altering their molecular structu…
Interactions among electronic spins, charges, and orbitals account for a rich variety of patterns in some oxides, and—with the advent of new crystal-growth technologies—may form the basis for a new type of electronics.