Materials Literature
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Iron-nickel-chromium based heat resistant alloys are designed to operate at high temperatures in corrosive gaseous environments. Under mixed oxidizing-carburizing conditions, the microstructure of such materials changes progressively during service and the physical and mechanical properties are altered. One instance w…
This work aims to understand the mechanism of the thermal degradation of the ethylene–carbon monoxide (E-CO) alternating copolymer under mild conditions. The copolymer was subjected to accelerated ageing in an oven at different temperatures below the copolymer melting point, under argon atmosphere, and in the absence…
Abstract Copolyesters build of aliphatic and aromatic components have been shown to be degraded by microorganisms in a certain range of composition. While aliphatic polyesters of diol and dicarbonic acid often are hydrolyzed e.g. by lipases, pure aromatic polyesters like polyethylene terephthalate are not biodegradabl…
The triply differential cross section for Compton scattering from atomic electrons is obtained numerically in a full relativistic second-order $S$-matrix calculation based on the independent particle approximation. We compare our results with the results of more approximate approaches. Special attention is paid to the…
As a step toward creating a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process for PbTiO 3 thin films, lead oxide films were deposited and then examined. The reaction was oxidation controlled, with an apparent activation energy of 97 kJ/mol in this low‐temperature, low‐pressure metalorganic CVD (MOCVD) process. Across the deposi…
The dissolution of three synthetic allophanes (A2.0, molar ratio Al/Si = 2.02; A1.6, Al/Si = 1.64, and A1.3, Al/Si = 1.26) and two natural Japanese allophanes (KNP, Al/Si = 1.74 and KYP, Al/Si = 1.70) in the presence of boehmite was studied in 0.01 M NaCl (initial pH 3) at 100-150° C and equilibrium vapor pressures fo…
This paper reports the measurement and analysis of signal power-induced changes in the refractive index spectrum of an aluminosilicate erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA). For a constant 980 nm pump power of 11 mW, a 1553 nm signal power of 4.6 mW caused a peak-to-trough change in refractive index of (3.8/spl plusmn/0…
Current peaks due to transient SCLC (space charge limited current) were observed in LDPE (low-density polyethylene) at 70/spl deg/C. From the time at which the current peak occurs, carrier mobilities ranging from 5/spl times/10/sup -15/ to 7/spl times/10/sup -14/ m/sup 2//Vs were obtained. The mobility values obtained…
Nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of transition metal complexes are studied using quantum chemical calculations. By comparison with all electron calculations, effective core potentials have been shown to be competent for the calculation of NLO properties as long as the valence basis sets are comparable. While overall…
FTIR absorbance spectra of SiO 2 glass containing 1200 ppm OH⁻ groups were recorded in situ to 1975 K. There are only minor changes in peak height to 1700 K, indicating that the molar extinction coefficient measured at ambient conditions, at the peak maximum, is applicable for OH⁻ determination at high temperature. Ho…
The Shubnikov--de Haas measurement of the organic superconductor $\ensuremath{\kappa}\ensuremath{-}{(\mathrm{B}\mathrm{E}\mathrm{D}\mathrm{T}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{F})}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}(\mathrm{CN}{)}_{3}$ yields a rapid oscillation originating from the calculated two-dimensional Fermi surface.…
Capacitive-resistive field distributions including surface and volume resistivities have been computed in and around HV porcelain and capacitor bushings. The boundary element method has been applied for field computation in two axi-symmetric bushing configurations including four dielectrics. Effects of uniform and non…
A common approach in modeling martensitic phase transitions in the framework of continuum mechanics involves a nonconvex energy. This paper analyzes the influence of the spinodal region, or the region where the energy density is concave, on the resulting equilibria. We compare a one-dimensional model with a degenerate…
The star models are briefly summarized and used to explain the layer thickness of the soluble block of polystyrene-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS−PEO) diblock copolymer micelles in water and cyclopentane. Both the discrete blob model (DB) and the distribution density (DD) model describe well the tethered layer of the solubl…
The experimental detection of a spin reorientation phase transition by means of Fe $K$-edge x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) is reported for ${\mathrm{Nd}}_{2}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{14}\mathrm{B}$. The temperature dependence of the XMCD signals at both Fe ($K$ edge) and Nd (${L}_{2,3}$ edges) is compared to that of th…
By the protection of the carboxyl group of 3-thiopheneacetic acid with differently substituted benzyl groups a series of new thiophene derivatives were synthesized. While 3-thiopheneacetic acid is not electropolymerizable, the new obtained monomers can be easily electrooxidized to form stable electroactive polymers. T…
Core yams are known to improve cotton yam properties. In this research, core yarns are spun by introducing filaments under tension into the yarn-forming zone of an ex perimental friction spinning apparatus. A 30-denier (3.3 tex) nylon monofilament and a black 75-denier (35f) nylon multifilament make up the core, and c…
The crystal structure of monoclinic magnesium astrophyllite has been redetermined. The samples were from Khibina alkaline massifs, Russia. K 2 NaNa(Fe,Mn) 4 Mg 2 Ti 2 [Si 4 O 12 ] 2 (OH) 4 (OH,F) 2 , M r = 1202.31, monoclinic, A 2, a = 10.370 (3), b = 23.129 (5), c = 5.322 (1) Å, β = 99.55 (2)°, V = 1258.8 (5) Å 3 , Z…
Phase transitions of liquid crystal PAA, p -azoxyanisole, in porous sol−gels of average pore diameters 8.9, 16, and 20 nm, are investigated using Raman spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. It is found that the phase transition temperatures inside small pores are depressed and the depressions are pore si…
Point defects and structure damages in Si-implanted thermal SiO2 films were examined by photoluminescence (PL) spectra, electron spin resonance spectra, and infrared absorption spectra. Under ∼5 eV excitation, the as-implanted film had two PL bands peaked at 4.3 and 2.4 eV, respectively. After thermal annealing, the p…