Materials Literature
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Sialic acids are a group of carboxylated amino sugars important for a variety of cellular functions. N-Acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) is the predominant sialic acid in nature. Neu5Ac-9-phosphate synthase catalyzes the formation of Neu5Ac-9-phosphate from N-acetylmannosamine-6-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate. Neu5Ac-…
Abstract Bacterial mineralization in weathered pyroclastic deposits of the Kaimondake volcanic ash (4040 ybp) and the Koya pyroclastic flow (6400 ybp) was investigated to evaluate the impacts of bacteria on mineral formation, and to characterize the microbiogenic minerals in the weathering environment. The mineralogy…
The microstructures of commercial purity aluminium near the friction weld interface were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Large plastic deformation of aluminium occurred near the weld interface and the microstructure of the aluminium was oriented from the centre to the periphery of the weld nugget. The al…
R2Fe17 (R = rare earth) intermetallic compounds constitute one of the most important classes of materials identified as high-energy permanent magnet materials. They crystallize either in the rhombohedral Th2Zn17 structure (for light R) or in the hexagonal Th2Ni17 structure (for heavy R). In this article, we discuss th…
This paper deals with the Riemann problem for a partial differential equation's model arising in phase-transition dynamics and consisting of an hyperbolic–elliptic system of two conservation laws. First of all, we provide a complete description of all solutions of the Riemann problem that are consistent with the mathe…
The natural world contains millions of species of living organisms and these contain a great range of components and processes that have been proven to function very reliably in harsh environments. One of the key reasons for the high reliability of living organisms is the existence of reliability and safety strategies…
Single-phase perovskites in the solid solution series La 0.7+ y A 0.3 - y Mn 1 - x M x O 3 (with 0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.10; A = Sr 2+, M = Cu 2+, Zn 2+, Sc 3+, Cr 3+, Co 3+, and Ga 3+; A = Ba 2+, M = Cu 2+, Zn 2+, and Sc 3+ ) have been prepared via the acetic acid solutions freeze-drying method. This soft procedure makes possib…
The behaviour of liquid crystal materials used in display devices is discussed. The underlying continuum theory developed by Frank, Ericksen and Leslie for describing this behaviour is reviewed. Particular attention is paid to the approximations and extensions relevant to existing device technology areas where mathema…
Clusters with polycyclic twelve-membered rings were formed exclusively from the reaction of [Hg(TePh)2] with HgX2 in pyridine. Clusters with just six members were formed from the same reaction in DMSO. In both cases, the solvent was coordinated to the clusters. The clusters, [Hg6(μ-Br)2Br2(μ-TePh)8(py)2] and [Hg3X3(μ-…
This paper describes the crystallographic features of a platelet-shaped precipitate that forms in the early stage of age hardening of Mg alloys containing rare-earth elements in the Ce subgroup. Transmission electron microscopy combined with computer simulation revealed that the precipitate, the habit plane of which i…
Sub-quarterwave multilayer coatings with more than two different materials are shown to provide a reflectance enhancement compared with the standard two-material multilayer coatings when reflectance is limited by material absorption. A remarkable reflectance enhancement is obtained when the materials in the multilayer…
The confined electrocrystallization technique, first described by Thakur et al., involves forcing electrocrystallization to occur within the interface of two opposite substrates. This technique is further demonstrated and extended herein to the synthesis of a variety of thin crystalline films of conducting and insulat…
Abstract Verbeekite, ideally PdSe 2 , monoclinic with space-group choices C 2/ m , C 2 or C m ; a = 6.659(7), b = 4.124(5), c = 4.438(6) Å, ß = 92.76(3)°, V = 121.7(4) Å 3 ; a : b : c = 1.6147:1:1.0761, Z = 2, is a new, very rare, primary mineral, intimately associated with secondary oosterboschite {(Pd,Cu) 7 Se 5 },…
The characterization and application of a multi-element Ge solid state detector in time-domain laser pump, x-ray probe (LPXP) x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) using a third-generation synchrotron source (Advanced Photon Source or APS) are described. In particular, the following problems are discussed: (1) proper…
Up-conversion luminescence properties and energy transfer processes in Nd3+, Yb3+, and Tm3+ co-doped ZrF4-based fluoride glasses have been studied under 800 nm light excitation. Blue up-converted emission around 478 nm which can be assigned to the Tm3+: 1G4→3H6 transition, was strongly observed. Up-conversion luminesc…
The space group theoretical analyses and assignment of the lattice modes of the KDP crystal have been made, and the Raman spectra of their growth solution have been observed in different growth regions. The attention is focused on the analysis of the 912 cm-1 band arising from the H2PO4- anions in the interface betwee…
This paper presents a numerical simulation of the first negative corona in SF 6 at atmospheric pressure, in a point-to-plane electrode system. A few experiments are first carried out in order to acquire a basic knowledge of the physical processes involved in the first negative corona. Since it does not seem convincing…
Supramolecular structures of polyaniline (PANI) and vanadium oxide (V2O5) have been assembled via the electrostatic layer-by-layer (ELBL) technique. Strong ionic interactions and H-bonding impart unique features to the ELBL films, which are distinct from cast films obtained with the same materials. The interactions we…
The intrinsic hysteresis of a ferroelectric bilayer with an antiferroelectric interfacial coupling is studied within the framework of the Transverse Ising Model. We find it is possible to exit triple hysteresis loops once the parameters of the two slabs are selected appropriately. The effects of the thickness, the int…
<abstract language="eng">The Ti-6Al-4V alloy used as biomaterial has been used over the last years. The literature shows controversies concerning the kind and the chemical composition of the film naturally and elctrochemically formed on the surface of the titanium alloy. The presente work studies the film compos…