Materials Literature
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After intravenous administration, nanoparticles suffer a major drawback in that they are rapidly and massively taken up by the cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system. The mechanisms involved in the opsonization, adhesion, and internalization of biodegradable nanoparticles by the mononuclear phagocyte system are sti…
This article reports on the development of novel composites of starch-based polymers reinforced with hydroxylapatite (HA). Two different grades of blends of starch and ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers were reinforced with up to 30% (wt) of sintered and nonsintered HA. The initial compounding stage was carried out eit…
Boron‐doped diamond thin films have been examined before and after high‐current‐density electrolysis to investigate the morphological and microstructural stability of this new electrode material. The diamond thin films were used to generate chlorine from a solution of 1.0 M + 2.0 M NaCl at current densities of 0.05 an…
Abstract A microscopic statistical dynamical theory of the slow dynamics of entangled macromolecular fluids has been formulated at the level of effective generalized Langevin equations‐of‐motion of a tagged polymer. A novel macromolecular version of mode‐coupling theory is employed to approximately capture the coopera…
We report results of a molecular dynamics simulation of an “isotope” mixture of polymer chains, which are represented by a standard bead–spring model, and whose two species differ only by their monomer masses. Detailed analysis of the Rouse modes shows that for sufficiently short (non-entangled) chains this system can…
Activation of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase requires translocation of cytosolic proteins p47(phox), p67(phox), and Rac to the plasma membrane or phagosomal membrane, where they assemble with membrane-bound flavocytochrome b. During this process, it appears that p47(phox) undergoes conformational changes, resulting in t…
The objective of our research is the development of an environmentally benign process for the fabrication of alumina-based ceramics. We have designed an alternative synthetic pathway to alumina ceramics that does not utilize toxic reagents or volatile organic chemicals (VOCs); the aqueous synthesis of “water-soluble”…
Racemic perhydrotriphenylene (PHTP) forms a polar inclusion compound with 1-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazine (NPP) as a guest molecule. Homochiral stacks of PHTP molecules surround polar chains of hydrogen-bonded NPP molecules in a channel -type, honeycomb architecture. The NPP chains are arranged in an all-parallel (rather…
Abstract The electronics of colloidal nano‐particles of semiconductors and metals has been one of the fastest growing research fields in physical chemistry for the past 10 years. The historical development is briefly reviewed and a number of fundamental effects and processes are described. They include the transition…
Interest in incipient ferroelectrics has been renewed due to their promise for applications at cryogenic temperatures. The dependence of the dielectric constant of an incipient ferroelectric on temperature and the applied biasing field can be modeled correctly by solution of the Ginsburg–Devonshire equation. A set of…
In this paper we elaborate on the idea [Lohse et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 1359–1362 (1997)] that (single) sonoluminescing air bubbles rectify argon. The reason for the rectification is that nitrogen and oxygen dissociate and their reaction products dissolve in water. We give further experimental and theoretical evide…
The morphologically controlled synthesis of aluminum-based surfactant mesophases by the homogeneous precipitation method using urea is demonstrated, together with a model for the templating mechanism pathway. Dodecyl sulfate surfactant initially forms a layered mesophase with an interlayer spacing of 3.5 nm in which t…
Abstract Metal clusters exhibit unique optical properties due to the excitation of Mie plasmon resonances. It is well known since decades that measured resonances of clusters, surrounded by some adsorbate, or some solid or liquid embedding material (as e.g., in colloidal systems), are often not described quantitativel…
In this article we study in detail the $Q$-vector dependence of the collective dynamics in simulated deeply supercooled extended simple-point-charge (SPC/E) water. The evolution of the system has been followed for 250 ns at low $T,$ allowing a clear identification of a two-step relaxation process. We present evidence…
The formation and growth of tetrapropylammonium-templated crystal nuclei of silicalite from a clear homogeneous solution was recorded in situ as a function of time at temperatures between 90 and 115 °C using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The kinetics of the nucleation process was studied and give an apparent ac…
To enable nondestructive inspection, construction rules generally specify the final surface condition of components only in terms of limiting roughness values. However, the microgeometry is only one of many important surface characteristics. Failure to ensure overall cleanness of circuits (i.e., of all exposed surface…
The current understanding of the theory of quantum liquids is presented. The properties of the three- and one-dimensional conductors are compared. A comprehensive description of the bosonization technique is presented for the one-dimensional systems. The two-dimensional systems are also analysed, and the theoretical a…
Abstract Improvement of low-temperature flexibility of Hydrogenated Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (HNBR) is a requirement for industrial applications. In this study, the relationship between low-temperature flexibility and polymer structure—such as higher order structure and monomer unit distribution along a polymer chain—…
Modelling of copolymerization of a monounsaturated monomer and a bisunsaturated monomer with equal and independent reactivities of double bonds is described. No rings are assumed to be formed before the gel point, and uncorrelated circuit closing beyond the gel point is allowed. These assumptions are approximately met…
A process was developed for the utilization of biotite mica, as a source of potassium, for the production of potassium chloride. The investigation was done in two stages. In the first stage, the kinetics of the reaction between biotite and HCl was studied and various kinetic parameters were evaluated. The reaction app…