Kinetics of corrosion of metals
It is the purpose of this paper to report that all corrosion processes that produce no insoluble end products and evolve hydrogen follow a single kinetic law.
Materials Literature
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Thermal Conductivity of Uranium Dioxide from ‐57° to 1100°C by a Radial Heat Flow Technique
A radial heat flow technique was used to measure the thermal conductivity, k , of polycrystalline UO 2 in the range ‐57° to 1100°C. The technique yielded results with a probable accuracy of ±1.5% and a precision of ±0.1% in the range 50° to 1100°C. Meaningful measurements were limited to 1100°C by Pt‐90 Pt10Rh thermoc…
Refractive Index of SiO2 Films Grown on Silicon
By more precise variable angle monochromatic fringe observation (VAMFO), it has been found possible to improve the precision of thickness determinations of transparent thin films (800 Å to several microns) on reflective substrates to better than 0.1%, and to extend the determination of the refractive index to films as…
A Photographic Study of the Dynamics and Damage Capabilities of Bubbles Collapsing Near Solid Boundaries
The effect of proximal rigid boundaries on the motion and damage capabilities of spark bubbles is investigated by means of a qualitative photographic study. It is determined that an axially symmetric bubble collapsing nonhemispherically against a solid boundary can form a liquid jet which impinges against the solid bo…
A new theory of the size effect in electrical conduction
Conventionally, the theory of boundary scattering ignores the dependence of the reflection coefficient (p) on the electron wave vector. An alternative possibility, that the reflection coefficient changes abruptly from 1 to 0 when the change of wave vector on specular reflection exceeds a certain value, is explored her…
Crystal Structure of Piezoelectric Ferromagnetic Gallium Iron Oxide
The crystal structure of Ga2—xFexO3, with 0.7≤x≤1.4, has been determined at 298°K by x-ray diffraction. Ga2—xFexO3 crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group Pc21n, with lattice constants a = 8.7512±0.0008, b = 9.3993±0.0003, c = 5.0806±0.0002 Å and eight formula weights in the unit cell. The complete scatte…
DTA study of heterogeneous nucleation of crystallization in polypropylene
Abstract The effect of cooling, nucleation, and spherulitic growth rates on the properties of polypropylene is discussed briefly. A differential thermal analysis technique is described for evaluating the relative extent of heterogeneous nucleation that occurs in a particular polypropylene composition. The method is ba…
Multiple scattering of 5 - 30 keV electrons in evaporated metal films III: Backscattering and absorption
Measurements have been made of the fraction of an electron beam backscattered from thin films of copper and gold at incident energies from 5 to 25 kev. The results from very thin films indicate that approximately 50% of backscattering from a solid target must be due to single scattering. A comparison with existing the…
Electrical Conductivity in the ZrO 2 ‐Rich Region of Several M 2 O 3 —ZrO 2 Systems
The electrical conductivity of M 2 O 3 ‐ZrO 2 compositions containing 6 to 24 mole % M 2 O 3 , where M represents La, Sm, Y, Yb, or Sc, was examined. Only Sm 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , and Yb 2 O 3 formed cubic solid solutions with ZrO 2 over most of this substitutional range. Scandia forms a wide cubic solid solution region w…
Effect of dispersion on the dynamic properties of filler‐loaded rubbers
Abstract A study has been made of the effect of increased time of mixing carbon black in rubber on the dynamic properties of the carbon black‐rubber vulcanizates. Increased time of mixing reduces the dynamic modulus and dynamic viscosity as well as the phase angle at moderate amplitudes of oscillation. The changes in…
The Measurement of Surface Tension by the Pendant Drop Technique
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Measurement of Surface Tension by the Pendant Drop TechniqueClyde E. StaufferCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1965, 69, 6, 1933–1938Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j…
Dielectric Properties of Cobalt Oxide, Nickel Oxide, and Their Mixed Crystals
Dielectric constant κ′, loss κ″, and conductivity σ of single crystals of CoO, NiO, and mixed crystals of CoO–NiO as a function of frequency from 102 to 1010 cps and temperature from −193°C to 400°C have been determined. The dielectric constant κ′ is constant (12.9 at 25°C) in the whole frequency range in CoO. It decr…
Spectral Intensities of the Trivalent Lanthanides and Actinides in Solution. I. Pr3+, Nd3+, Er3+, Tm3+, and Yb3+
We have correlated the experimentally measured intensities of the solution absorption spectra of Pr3+, Nd3+, Er3+, Tm3+, and Yb3+ in three different solvents with a theoretical expression derived by Judd. The expression, P=Σ lim λTλσ(fNψJ‖∪(λ)‖fNψJ′′)2λ=2,4,6is derived from a theory in which the ligand-field interacti…
Microwave Dielectric Properties of NH4H2PO4, and Partially Deuterated KH2PO4
The temperature dependence of the complex dielectric constants at 9.2 Gc/sec are reported for a series of partially deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals as well as for a potassium dihydrogen arsenate and an ammonium dihydrogen phosphate crystal. The transition temperature, the high-temperature loss tange…
Dielectric Dispersion of Some Perovskite Zirconates
The assignment of the normal-mode spectrum in perovskites has been achieved by a comparison of the vibrations of calcium, strontium, barium, and lead titanates and zirconates. In addition, for the antiferro-electric material lead zirconate, about 90% of the value of the low-frequency dielectric constant is the result…
Radial Density Functions for Liquid Mercury and Lead
The effects of data termination and systematic errors on the radial distribution functions of liquids obtained from x-ray diffraction data are investigated with the aid of a computer. A general procedure for the elimination of spurious detail is presented, and new data for liquid mercury and lead are analyzed. Compari…
Magnetostriction in Nickel Alloys
It is shown that the existence of an orbital degeneracy in the $3d$ band may lead to a change of sign of the magnetostriction, when this degeneracy goes through the Fermi level. Such a change of sign is observed in the Fe-Ni and Co-Ni alloy series (permalloy), at an electron concentration of 27.7 electrons per atom. A…
Paramagnetoelectric Effects in NiSO4·6H2O
Piezoelectric paramagnetic crystals can show a linear dependence of the paramagnetic susceptibility on an applied electric field. This effect has been detected in NiS${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}6${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$O at low temperatures. The thermodynamic inverse effect, the creation of a…
Electron and Phonon Scattering in GaAs at High Temperatures
The electrical resistivity $\ensuremath{\rho}$, the Seebeck coefficient $Q$, and the thermal conductivity $\ensuremath{\kappa}$, were measured in a series of GaAs samples in the temperature range 300-900\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. Values of $Q$ were combined with room-temperature values of the Hall coefficie…
Madelung Energy of Perovskite Structures. II. The Tetragonal Case
The Madelung constants for the 4–4, 3–5, 2–6, and 1–7 tetragonal perovskite structures have been calculated for axial ratios α=c/a varying from 0.90 to 1.10. Least-squares fits expressing the Madelung constant as a function of (1—α) are reported.