Materials Literature
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To evaluate the contribution of the amino acid residues on the surface of a protein to its stability, a series of hydrophobic mutant human lysozymes (Val to Gly, Ala, Leu, Ile, Met, and Phe) modified at three different positions on the surface, which are located in the alpha-helix (Val 110), the beta-sheet (Val 2), an…
This work investigated the effects of using ultrasound and pH-value adjustment on the microbial density levels in sewage sludge, with total coliform and heterotrophic-plate-count (HPC) bacteria as the microbial indices. Application of ultrasound at a high intensity level could sufficiently disinfect both the total col…
Liposomes, that are biodegradable and essentially non-toxic, can encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials, and are utilized as drug carriers for drug delivery systems (DDS). Recent progress in gene technology provides a novel modality of therapy for various diseases with a variety of newlydeveloped catio…
The change of structure of tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) films after nitrogen incorporation, particularly at a high concentration, was studied by near edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy and it was found to be very close to pyridine. The π* peak at the N K (nitrogen K) edge was decomposed…
The crystal orientation dependence of pore formation in Si provides important information on pore formation mechanisms. In addition, the anisotropy of macropores is an important parameter for applications, especially for the microstructuring of silicon. The dependence of the macropore morphology on the orientation of…
We analyze the effect of polydispersity in the arm number on the effective interactions, structural correlations, and phase behavior of star polymers in a good solvent. The effective interaction potential between two star polymers with different arm numbers is derived using scaling theory. The resulting expression is…
Electron beam direct-write lithography systems are capable of meeting the resolution requirements of all future ITRS nodes and have a significant cost of ownership advantage over masked technologies, but these systems typically have very poor throughput due to space charge limitations. Ion Diagnostics has developed a…
Recent molecular dynamics (MD) computer simulations of pure copper and iron have shown that clusters consisting of up to a few tens of self-interstitial atoms (SIAs) are highly mobile along close-packed crystallographic directions. This effect has important consequences for microstructure evolution in irradiated metal…
The dynamics of the fragile glass-forming liquid m -toluidine is investigated by time-resolved optical Kerr effect. A heterodyne detection technique allows to analyze the signal over four decades in time (10 −13 s to 10 −9 s), in the temperature range 250 K–295 K. The results of data analysis remarkably agree with the…
Abstract Ground rubber tire (GRT) particles of different sizes were characterized and the effect of these particles in a natural rubber (NR) compound was studied. It is found that smaller particles contain less polymer, but have higher amounts of fillers and metals with respect to polymer. NR compound containing small…
Porous silicon is a new material with a high potential for the fabrication of electronic devices and solar cells. Changes in the morphology during thermal treatment are decisive for semiconductor processes such as epitaxy on porous silicon. We introduce a two-dimensional model to simulate the annealing behaviour of po…
Bisthienylethene (BTE)–based photochromic switches exhibit high resistivity, rapid response, and thermal and photo-stability. The synthesis of the BTE derivative shown in the Figure, a new kind of structure for photochromic polymers, is reported. The switching properties—including photo-fatigue resistance—of 1 and its…
Series of novel thermotropic liquid crystalline compounds which serve as models for mesogenic diols have been synthesized. The mesogen molecules are constructed from 1,4-disubstituted benzene rings linked through ester and azomethine units. Based on the number of phenyl rings, a tetrad or pentad classification has bee…
[reaction: see text] Synthesis of new meso aryl 30pi heptaphyrins 2, 3, and 4 is achieved. Spectroscopic studies reveal that 2, 3, and 4 are aromatic and possess an inverted structure.
String-shaped reconstituted smooth muscle (SM) fibers were prepared in rectangular wells by thermal gelation of a mixed solution of collagen and cultured SM cells derived from guinea pig stomach. The cells in the fiber exhibited an elongated spindle shape and were aligned along the long axis. The fiber contracted in r…
An easy synthesis of phthalocyaninatotitanium(IV) compounds substituted with bidentate ligands in the axial position is described. Using strongly chelating oxygen or sulfur donor ligands, the reaction of PcTiO with chelating agents leads to the formation of PcTiX complexes with X ≡ oxalate [Formula: see text], catecho…
The magnetoresistance (MR) and transport properties of both single-crystal and polycrystalline samples of La 0.7 Ca 0.3 MnO 3 - δ (LCMO) have been investigated to elucidate their magneto transport behaviors near and below the Curie temperature T C . We find that negative MR is heavily dependent upon the surface morpho…
Recent research suggests that the charge carriers in the paramagnetic state of the magnetoresistive manganites are small polarons. Here we report studies of the oxygen-isotope effects on the intrinsic resistivity and thermoelectric power in several ferromagnetic manganites. The precise measurements of these isotope ef…
X-ray absorption measurements of solid and liquid AgBr in the $T=30--927K$ range of temperature have been performed using synchrotron radiation. Accurate short-range structural parameters are determined using simultaneous Ag and Br K-edge EXAFS refinement in the framework of the GNXAS method for data analysis. Results…
The salient features of the current burst model for the Si–electrolyte interface is presented in a short overview. In the current burst model, charge transfer at the Si–electrolyte interface is localized in space and time and intrinsically stochastic; all phenomena encountered in Si electrochemistry then are manifesta…