Materials Literature
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The usage of nanoscale ferroelectric films as tunnel barriers in electronic devices offers a unique possibility to study the physics of ultrathin ferroelectric materials by means of electronic transport. In this letter, we simulate the current-voltage characteristics of a metal-ferroelectric-metal tunnel junction by u…
The Forum Section of Toxicological Sciences is designed to include discussions and commentaries on relevant and timely issues facing toxicologists and to provide an interface between toxicology and public policy. In 2004, a series of articles to discuss approaches to carcinogenicity risk assessment was developed which…
Abstract Selective graft modifications of polypropylene (PP) are demonstrated in which desirable functionality is introduced without the degradation that accompanies conventional radical‐mediated processes. A range of modification strategies is presented, each exploiting triallyl trimellitate (TATM) or its derivatives…
Abstract Biodegradable poly( tert ‐butyl acrylate)–poly[( R )‐3‐hydroxybutyrate]–poly ( tert ‐butyl acrylate) triblock copolymers based on bacterial poly[( R )‐3‐hydroxybutyrate] (PHB) were synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization. The chain architectures of the triblock copolymers were confirmed by 1 H NMR…
Abstract Polyaniline (PANI) thin films with high optical activity are prepared electrochemically on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates by polymerizing aniline in the presence of aniline oligomers and optically active camphor sulfonic acid (CSA). These optimized PANI chiral thin films have an anisotropic factor of 0.03…
The crystal structures, magnetic structures, and phase transformation of the off-stoichiometric Ni53Mn25Ga22 were studied by neutron powder diffraction at different temperatures. It is shown that Ni53Mn25Ga22 has a tetragonal I4/mmm structure from 20Kto403K. An abrupt jump in unit-cell volume around room temperature,…
Abstract AB‐type block copolymers with poly(trimethylene carbonate) [poly(TMC); A] and poly(ethylene oxide) [PEO; B; number‐average molecular weight ( M n ) = 5000] blocks [poly(TMC)‐ b ‐PEO] were synthesized via the ring‐opening polymerization of trimethylene carbonate (TMC) in the presence of monohydroxy PEO with st…
The first and second hyperpolarizability beta and gamma are obtained for formaldehyde oligomers (H2CO)n (n = 1-7) using computational methods. We have used the finite field (FF) approach and hyperpolarizability density analysis (HDA) to predict the microscopic first and second nonlinear hyperpolarizability of the form…
Thin films of amorphous aluminum oxide (Al2O3) co-doped with Er3+ and Tm3+ have been synthesized by alternate pulsed laser deposition. When pumped at 794 nm a broad emission band over 1400–1700 nm is observed. Two peaks related to the 1540 nm band from Er3+ and to the 1640 nm band from Tm3+ are clearly distinguished.…
By combining dynamic mechanical and optical measurements in probing the internal structure of a biopolymer network (gelatin gel), we studied the quasi-equilibrium evolution of helical content as a function of the applied stress. Assuming that the net optical activity is proportional to the concentration of secondary h…
Abstract An amphiphilic block copolymer, poly(ethylene glycol)‐ block ‐poly( L ‐lactide‐ co ‐2‐methyl‐2‐benzoxycarbonyl‐propylene carbonate) [PEG‐ b ‐P(LA‐ co ‐MBC)], was synthesized in bulk by the ring‐opening polymerization of L ‐lactide with 2‐methyl‐2‐benzoxycarbonyl‐propylene carbonate (MBC) in the presence of po…
Abstract This article describes the effects of n‐butane mixed with primary CO 2 as a secondary blowing agent on the cell‐population density, the volume expansion ratio, and the open‐cell content of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) and LDPE/polystyrene (PS) blends in extrusion. With the plasticizing effect of n‐butane,…
The magnetic properties of heterostructures of high-temperature superconducting $\mathrm{Y}{\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{7\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ and highly spin polarized, ferromagnetic ${\mathrm{La}}_{2∕3}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{1∕3}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ that are electronically decoupled…
Photoluminescence blinking of ${\mathrm{Zn}}_{0.42}{\mathrm{Cd}}_{0.58}\mathrm{Se}$ colloidal quantum dots was investigated experimentally as a function of the excitation intensity and modeled via a Monte Carlo method. In order to test the current blinking model of electron tunneling to states external to the quantum…
Co-doped titanate nanotubes were synthesized through 130 °C treatment of Co-doped TiO2 powders in high concentration NaOH aqueous solutions in a hydrothermal autoclave. The obtained nanotubes were identified to be of a monoclinic layered trititanate structure, the same as H2Ti3O7, their un-doped counterpart. The incor…
A display device with dual electroluminescence and electrochromic display functions is described. The device consists of two layers of polymeric thin films, one of which is an electrochromic polymer and the other an electroluminescence polymer, that are sandwiched between two electrodes. Both polymers are blended with…
Abstract Summary: A methacrylate‐functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) macromonomer was copolymerized at the surface of methacrylate‐derivatized maghemite nanoparticles. After silylation of the magnetic core with methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, two grafting procedures based on either a direct copolymerization react…
Thin-film ferromagnetic semiconductors Sb2−xVxTe3 with the Curie temperature as high as 177K were prepared on sapphire (0001) substrates by molecular-beam epitaxy. Films of Sb2−xVxTe3 with x up to 0.35 display robust, out-of-plane ferromagnetic ordering that depends on the concentration of vanadium in the structure. T…
Abstract With a two‐step miniemulsion polymerization, hydrophobic polyurethane (PU) dispersions were prepared with a cosurfactant, the costabilizer hexadecane (HD) in the oil phase, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in the water phase. The first step involved the formation of NCO‐terminated prepolymers between isophoro…
Wurtzite-type CdS and CdSe nanotubes have been grown via a Sn nanowire-templated route under thermal annealing. The tubes are structurally uniform and defect-free single crystals, and partially or completely filled with Sn nanowires; most of the tubes display pin-like structures showing significant tapering along thei…