Materials Literature
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The stresses produced in a solid by cavitation generated in distilled water by 10-, 20-, and 30-kHz vibrations have been determined by a transducer technique. The measured stress pulses are attributed to the concerted collapse of the whole cloud of bubbles created by the pressure changes in the water rather than to th…
The effective vibration-rotation hamiltonian for the first excited state of a triply-degenerate vibration in a tetrahedral XY4 molecule is considered, and the principles involved in formulating totally symmetric operators for use in the hamiltonian are reviewed. Explicit expressions are given for all such operators up…
The magnetocrystalline anisotropy of low temperature phase of magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) was measured for a monoclinic single phase specimen by using computerized fully-automatic torque magnetometer. The anisotropy is expressed by \begin{aligned} E_{\text{a}}=K_{a}\alpha^{2}_{a}+K_{b}\alpha^{2}_{b}+K_{aa}\alpha^{4}_{a}+K_{…
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A statistical model is described and employed to calculate inverse mean free paths and stopping powers for electrons of energies from a few eV to 10 keV above the Fermi level in Al, Si, Ni, Cu, Ag, and Au. Brief tables of mean free paths and stopping powers for these solids are presented. In some cases graphical displ…
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Values of tensile strength, compressive strength, bending strength, hardness and modulus of elasticity are reported for the shell material of various species of bivalve, gastropod and cephalopod mollusc. Nacre is the strongest structural type, but crossed lamellar structure is the hardest. Possible selective reasons f…
Abstract A three-dimensional reconstruction requires the same integral dose as a conventional two-dimensional micrograph provided that the level of significance and the resolution are identical. The necessary dose D for one of the K projections in a reconstruction series is, therefore, the integral dose divided by K.
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and interconversion of the isomeric .alpha.- and .beta.-molybdate (Mo8O264-) ionsW. G. Klemperer and W. ShumCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 25, 8291–8293Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue…
Two possible approaches to spectroscopic measurements of the internal temperature of Y 2 O 2 S: Eu are discussed. Methods based on relative Eu 3+ fluorescence line intensities are found either to be insufficiently sensitive or to suffer from unavoidable experimental difficulties. The method which is adopted exploits t…
Abstract A reproducible method for obtaining water‐soluble chitin and a relationship between solubility and degree of deacetylation of chitin were studied. It was found that the regenerated chitin isolated at low temperature from an alkali chitin solution left at 25°C for 48 to 77h showed very good solubility in water…
Field emission cathodes fabricated using thin-film techniques and electron beam microlithography are described, together with effects obtained by varying the fabrication parameters. The emission originates from the tip of molybdenum cones that are about 1.5 μm tall with a tip radius around 500 Å. Such cathodes have be…
We show that longitudinal optical (LO) vibrational modes account for several previously unexplained peaks in the Raman spectra of vitreous Ge${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ and Si${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$. Identification of LO modes in these and other glasses reduces the complexity of the spectra that must be explained by simple structur…
A model is presented for the structure and properties of active centers in lone-pair semiconductors, based on the possibility of unique bonding configurations which can arise from the presence of nonbonding orbitals. It is shown that the lowest-energy neutral center is unstable towards the creation of different positi…