Materials Literature
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Novel cross-linked chitosan-based films were prepared using the solution casting technique. A naturally occurring and nontoxic cross-linking agent, genipin, was used to form the chitosan and chitosan/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) blend networks, where two types of PEO were used, one with a molecular weight of 20 000 g/mo…
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) can be dispersed at high concentration in superacids; the protonation of SWNTs sidewalls eliminates wall−wall van der Waals interactions and promotes the dispersion process. At very low concentration, SWNTs in superacids dissolve as individual tubes which behave as Brownian rods.…
The articles highlighted in this issue are "Pulmonary Toxicity of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes in Mice 7 and 90 Days after Intratracheal Instillation" by Chiu-Wing Lam, John T. James, Richard McCluskey, and Robert L. Hunter (pp. 126–134) and "Comparative Pulmonary Toxicity Assessment of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes in…
It is shown for the first time that liquid crystal behavior can be induced through halogen bonding. Thus, mixing the nonmesomorphic components 4-alkoxystilbazole with pentafluoroiodobenzene leads to a 1:1 halogen-bonded complex whose integrity is shown by X-ray single-crystal analysis and which shows thermotropic smec…
The influence of the Al content on the phase transformations in Cu-Al-Ag alloys was studied byclassical differential thermal analysis (DTA), optical microscopy (OM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD).The results indicated that the increase in the Al content and the presence of Ag decrease the rate of theβ1 phase decomposi…
Abstract The synthesis is reported of copolymers of N,N ‐dimethylacrylamide (DMA) and methacrylates containing 2,2′‐dihydroperfluorodecanoyl (RF) groups separated from the methacrylate by long polyethylene glycol (PEG) tether groups (between 1000 and 14,000 Da). At concentrations of between 1 and 8 wt % the copolymers…
Recently, nanoparticles have become the platform for many sensing schemes. In particular, the utilization of the optical response of nanoparticles to changes in their nanoenvironment has served as a signal transduction mechanism for these sensing events. For example, silver nanoparticle arrays synthesized using nanosp…
Imitating nature: The authors attempted to assemble lipids on polyelectrolyte (PE) capsules (see graphic) to reduce the permeability of the capsules towards ions and small neutral molecules, thus imitating the barrier function of biological membranes. The lipid may form bilayer structures on the capsule surface, which…
Abstract 4‐(4′‐Aminophenyl)‐1,2,4‐triazolidine‐3,5‐dione was reacted with 1 mol of acetyl chloride in dry N,N ‐dimethylacetamide (DMAc) at −15°C and 4‐(4′‐acetamidophenyl)‐1,2,4‐triazolidine‐3,5‐dione [4‐(4′‐acetanilido)‐1,2,4‐triazolidine‐3,5‐dione] (APTD) was obtained in high yield. The reaction of the APTD monomer…
Abstract Summary: Combinatorial and high‐throughput experimentation has, over the past few years, started to play an increasingly important role in the area of materials and polymer science. However, many of the informatics tools currently available to support combinatorial experimentation were developed with the need…
Abstract Summary: Mapping the bond chemistry and molecular orientation of self‐assembled monolayer gradients on flat surfaces and reaction intermediates in catalyst arrays is made possible using combinatorial near‐edge X‐ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. These spatially resolved NEXAFS maps have bee…
Abstract Ultra‐small‐angle X‐ray scattering (USAXS) and small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) measurements are presented for poly[( R )‐3‐hydroxybutyrate] (PHB) crystallized at room temperature. The USAXS patterns indicated that the spherulites had a radially orientated fibrillar nanostructure with fractal geometry over…
Abstract Various lignocellulosic substrates, including microcrystalline cellulose, pinewood and hemp fibres, were treated with triethylaluminium and triethylboron in suspensions, in non‐swelling media. Chemical and spectroscopic analyses show that coupling surface reactions took place between one or two metal‐to‐carbo…
Steuerung des Wasseraustauschs: Koordinationsisomere quadratischer Antiprismen (links) und verdrillter quadratischer Antiprismen (rechts) von [LnIII(dota)]-artigen Komplexen (dota=1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecan-1,4,7,10-tetraessigsäure) können durch Verwendung von Ring- und Armsubstituenten mit identischer Chiralität b…
Abstract The hydrogenation of acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber (NBR) latex was carried out by a system consisting of hydrazine hydrate and hydrogen peroxide, with boric acid as catalyst. Highly saturated hydrogenated NBR (HNBR) latex was obtained through the optimization of the reaction conditions. The dried HNBR was fo…
Multiple-charged Kr ions have been studied using monochromatized synchrotron radiation combined with a coincidence technique. The multiple-charged ions formed through ionization of the inner sub-shells were detected by a time-of-flight mass analyser and the photoelectrons emitted from those orbitals were observed by a…
We have synthesized carbon nanofibres (CNFs) in an ethylene–air flame on a stainless steel substrate. Ten-minute specimens consisted of both nodules and carbon micro- and nanofibres of various diameters up to . There are two kinds of primary fibres. The first are of nm thickness and show numerous kinks along their len…
Abstract The polymorphism behavior in nylon‐11/montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposite was investigated by wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD) and variable‐temperature infrared spectroscopy. The results of WAXD and IR confirmed the presence of the γ‐crystalline form of nylon‐11, which is induced and stabilized by MMT. How…
Structural and dynamical properties of amorphous silicon-germanium $(a\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Si}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{x})$ alloys have been examined by molecular dynamics simulations using the Tersoff interatomic potential. Amorphous networks were generated by rapid quenching from liquid ${\mathrm{Si}}_{1…
A good correlation between the experimental UV/Vis spectra of titanium-containing catalysts and the photophysical properties calculated using time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) has been found for a ligand to metal charge transfer (LMCT) from an oxygen atom to a TiIV ion (see scheme). This finding makes…