Materials Literature
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Abstract Most of the world's sepiolite-palyg orskite precipitates in lacustrine and perimarine environments. Although these minerals can transform from precursor minerals, the most common formation mechanism involves crystallization from solution. In this study, equilibrium activity diagrams are calculated for sepioli…
Rietveld neutron powder profile analysis of the (Na 1− x K x ) 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 (NKBT) series ( x =0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0) is reported over the temperature range 293–993 K. A detailed characterization of the structures and phase transitions occurring across this series as a function of temperature has been ma…
To develop a thermostatic fabric, a 100% polyester fabric is treated with octadecane- containing microcapsules by a knife-over-roll coating process. The amount of heat content increases as the concentration of microcapsules increases. and it decreases as the temper ature and time increase. The surfactant treatment at…
The natural compound curcumin was incorporated into various micellar systems in order to improve the water solubility and the hydrolytic and photochemical stability. The presence of micellar structures resulted in an increase in water solubility at pH 5 by a factor of at least 10(5). The hydrolytic stability of curcum…
On the first day after foliar application, chitosan pentamer (CH5) and chitin pentamer (CHIT5) decreased net photosynthetic rate (PN) of soybean and maize, however, on subsequent days there was an increase in PN in some treatments. CH5 caused an increase in maize PN on day 3 at 10-5 and 10-7 M; the increases were 18 a…
Abstract This article provides a comprehensive review of the synthesis, properties and applications of organometallic polymers of the transition metals. The different classes of organometallic polymers are described according to their structural make‐up, as well as by their methods of synthesis. A number of examples o…
The direct foaming of preceramic polymer mixtures, followed by high temperature pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere, can be employed to fabricate ceramic foams with impressive strength, stiffness, thermome-chanical and thermochemical durability, and electromagnetic properties. Flexural strength and stiffness were superio…
Stress-induced crystallization, orientation, and crystallinity have been measured by X-ray diffraction around cracks in a cis- 1,4-polyisoprene sample drawn at low ratio, λ < 3.5. A zone of maximum crystallinity and a transition zone of varying crystallinity are observed; the dimensions of these semicrystalline zones…
Abstract Visible to near-infrared (NIR) reflectance spectra and mid-IR transmittance spectra are presented here for a collection of dioctahedral smectites. Analysis of the structural OH vibrations is performed by comparing the NIR combination and overtone bands with fundamental stretching and bending absorption featur…
Abstract Alumina/polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) nanocomposites were produced by incorporating alumina nanoparticles, synthesized using the forced gas condensation method, into methylmethacrylate. The particles were dispersed using sonication and the composites were polymerized using free radical polymerization. At an o…
We report new experimental results on granular compaction under consecutive vertical taps. The evolution of the mean volume fraction and of the mean potential energy of a granular packing presents a slow densification until a final steady state, and is reminiscent of usual relaxation in glasses via a stretched exponen…
Glass ceramics are a known class of polycrystalline ceramic materials, where, depending on the glass matrix and the particular crystalline phases, one can obtain materials with improved mechanical, thermal, electrical or optical properties. The characteristics and applications of optical glass ceramics are reviewed, w…
Rare-earth-doped optical amplifiers have a great potential for broadband Wavelength-Division-Multiplexed (WDM) telecommunication by tailoring host glass compositions. In order to design the emission spectra of doped rare-earth ions, it is important to understand the relationship between the local ligand field and vari…
Electromigration studies on Cu interconnects are reviewed. Some history and more recent results are discussed along with a description of the present interpretations of the active mass transport mechanisms involved in Cu electromigration. The issue of the dual-damascene process and its potential effect on EM reliabili…
In this paper we report on the effect of surface wettability on surface selection and adhesion properties of settled (adhered) spores of the biofouling marine alga Enteromorpha and cells of the diatom Amphora, through the use of patterned self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The SAMs were formed from alkanethiols termina…
Abstract Most polymer blends are immiscible and need to be compatibilized. The compatibilization must accomplish: (i) optimization of the interfacial tension; (ii) stabilize the morphology against high stresses during forming; and (iii) enhance adhesion between the phases in the solid state. Compatibilization is accom…
This volume concentrates on the use of spectroscopic microscopy in the measurement of electrical and optical properties of nanostructures.This is of increasing importance in advanced research and the development of fabrication technologies for semiconductor nanostructures.Chapters deal with electron beam probe spectro…
Tumor vessels possess unique physiological features that might be exploited for improving drug delivery. In the present study, we investigate the possibility of modifying polyethylene glycol-ylated liposome cationic charge of polyethylene glycol coated liposomes to optimize delivery to tumor vessels using biodistribut…
The Glass Transition: Relaxation Dynamics in Liquids and Disordered Materials , E. Donth Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001. $99.00 (418 pp.). ISBN 3-540-41801-6 Buy at Amazon
Mussels owe their sessile way of life in the turbulent intertidal zone to adaptive adjustments in the process and biochemistry of permanent attachment. These have understandably attracted scientific interest given that the attachment is rapid, versatile, tough and not subverted by the presence of water. The adhesive p…