Materials Literature
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Quasicrystals are metallic alloys, often containing 60 to 70 atomic per cent AI. They typically exhibit crystallographically-forbidden symmetry, such as a fivefold rotational symmetry, illustrated in Fig. 1. Quasicrystals are reasonably abundant in a metallurgical context, since they can be formed by more than 100 com…
A new method for growing silicon crystals by using electromagnetic force to rotate the melt without crucible rotation has been developed. We call it electromagnetic Czochralski (EMCZ) growth. An electromagnetic force in the azimuthal direction is generated in the melt by the interaction between an electric current ( I…
The method for calculation of the mean and local magnetic characteristics of ferromagnetic metals at finite temperatures, developed by the author and co-workers in previous papers and based on using the real band structure and spin fluctuations, is applied to Fe, Co and Ni. The initial parameters of the calculation ar…
Branched tryptophan derivatives were synthesised and their optical properties investigated in a range of solvents: the steady state fluorescent emission from the indole ring sheds light on both the nature of a hydrogen bonding dendritic microenvironment and the optical behaviour of tryptophan residues in biological sy…
Abstract Polyurethane integral skin foams comprise a low density foamed core surrounded by a high density skin of the same material, and are made in a single molding operation. Polyurethane integral skin foams find wide application as structural materials, and the mechanical properties of such foams are significantly…
In this article, the authors report the development of a new low temperature plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD) process for the growth of low resistivity, cubic tantalum nitride (TaNx) for incorporation as a diffusion barrier/adhesion promoter in emerging ultralarge-scale integrated (ULSI) multilevel me…
A new method is shown for lower temperature preparation of tungsten oxide thin film by sol-gel process without using a catalyst, but using tungsten chloride (WCl6) as the starting material and ethanol as a solvent. When WCl6 dissolved in ethanol, tungsten ions and ethanol formed tungsten ethoxides. Thin films prepared…
Oxides with practical applications, such as high T c superconductors, catalysts, solid oxide fuel cells and membranes frequently contain basic cations, which under synthesis or process conditions will be subjected to CO 2 -containing atmospheres and a carbonatization degradation may be initiated. In this paper the con…
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This paper deals with the extruded radially oriented magnets made from rapidly solidified Nd-Fe-B material. The effect of chemical composition on the magnetic properties and hot workability was studied for various compositions in Nd-Fe-Co-Ga-B system. The composition ranges of Nd and B which shows maximum energy produ…
The chemistry of a high Pd loading Pd-H-ZSM-5 prepared by exchanging H-ZSM-5 with an aqueous solution of Pd(NH3)4(NO3)2 and calcined in O2 was studied by FTIR and TPD experiments. Acidic protons were found to readily exchange with Pd(NH3)22+ complexes and NH4+ ions arising from the partial decomposition of Pd(NH3)42+…
Dendritic peptides with a carboxylic acid at the focal point of the branched structure specifically solubilise a polybasic aromatic dye, the microenvironment and optical properties of which are controlled by the size (generation) of the branched peptide.
The electrochemical behavior of an anode in organic electrolytes was investigated. Common contemporary electrolytes for batteries were selected, based on their activity toward anodic dissolution. Significant improvement (anodic shift) of by up to occurs in several electrolytes, and can exhibit efficient coulombic oxid…
Hydrogen-charged stainless austenitic steel Cr18Mn20 alloyed with 0.88 mass% of nitrogen is studied using a magnetic spin resonance method. The steel is paramagnetic before as well as after hydrogen charging, which allows one to observe electron spin resonance (ESR). It is shown that hydrogen causes a significant incr…
Accurate analyses of X-ray diffraction patterns of micrometric BaTiO3 grains has shown that 90° domain wall is not a single twin (101) plane but a few nanometers wide region where the twinning crystallographic discontinuity could be accommodated by atom plane translations. A structural model of the 90 ° domain wall ba…
Phosphate glasses are of technological interest for electrochemical devices, as bioactive materials, and also for the electronic industry. Solid-state NMR, chiefly coupled with magic angle sample spinning (MAS), is a valuable technique to obtain information on short-range order and connectivity in phosphate glasses. I…
The cycloadditions of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole 1-oxide, 3,4,5,6teuahydropyridine 1-oxide, and (S)-3,4-dihydro-2-hydroxymethyl-2H-pyrrolc 1oxide to a,P-unsaturated acid derivatives have been reviewed.As Z-olefins, several five, six, and seven membered lactones with different functionalization at the y-position were emplo…
It is well known that a cloud cavitation is one of the most destructive forms of cavitation. The set of equations for the motion of a spherical bubble cloud is formulated. Behavior of bubble clouds are simulated numerically when the surrounding pressure is decreased from 50 kPa to a 10 kPa and then increased to 50 kPa…
The majority of knitted fabric composites reported in the literature are based on rigid matrix materials, either thermoset or thermoplastic polymers. This paper describes the fabrication and characterization of a knitted fabric reinforced elastomer composite. The composite was made from a combination of weft knitted p…
Abstract Kaolin (dickite and/or kaolinite) cement occurs locally in the Chalk Group (Upper Cretaceous-Lower Tertiary) in the North Sea and the Derbyhaven Beds (Lower Carboniferous) on the Isle of Man, United Kingdom. Stable-isotope and petrographic data indicate that the kaolin cements in both the Chalk Group and Derb…