Materials Literature
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Methyl methacrylate (MMA) plasmas and plasma-polymerized methyl methacrylate (PPMMA) films were studied in situ with FTIR and FTIR/ATR (attenuated total reflection) in an r.f. capacitively coupled glow discharge. A statistically designed experiment was conducted by varying the r.f. power, process pressure, and MMA flo…
X-ray-scattering data from chiral smectic-$A$ liquid crystals under an applied electric field have been analyzed to investigate the layer-buckling instability. A quantitative description of the scattering data at all values of the field is obtained via calculation of the minimal-energy layer displacement profiles dete…
Abstract In situ silica reinforcement was applied to the acrylonitrile—butadiene rubber (NBR) vulcanizates. The amount of in situ silica introduced in the NBR vulcanizates was limited due to the high polarity of NBR. The presence of γ-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (γ-MPS) in the NBR vulcanizate increased the conversi…
The first‐principles calculation of finite‐temperature phase stability and thermodynamic properties of multicomponent oxides presents a significant challenge. The time scale on which substitutional disorder occurs prevents the use of standard simulation methods, and a correct description of entropic effects requires t…
The Fe 2 O 3 particles with diameters of 3−5 nm were encapsulated between the core and the shell of polymer via emulsion polymerization into the heterostructured microspheres, which were observed through TEM images. The photovoltaic response of the composites, which was studied by the electric-field-induced surface-ph…
Ultradrawing of atactic poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) was investigated for a Mv series, ranging 8.0 × 104–2.3 × 106. Samples for the draw were prepared from 0.5–30 wt % solutions of PAN in N,N′-dimethylformamide. The solutions were converted to a gel by quenching from 100 to 0°C. The dried gel films were initially drawn u…
Metastable alumina phases developed in plasma sprayed alumina were studied by both electron diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. A new alumina polymorph with monoclinic symmetry, denoted θ″-Al2O3, was identified. The crystal structure of θ″-Al2O3 was described by the A12/n1 space group and…
Abstract The structure of a cubic Al 67.4 Pd 11.4 Mn 14.4 Si 6.8 phase, which is referred as an 1/1 rational approximant of an icosahedral phase, was determined by means of single crystal X-ray structural analysis: space group Pm 3 (No. 200), a = 12.281(1) Å, V = 1852.0(3) Å 3 , Mo K α ( λ = 0.71069 Å); refined as Al…
A new technique for nanometer-scale gap formation was proposed and investigated for the possibility in vacuum microelectronic device application. When the temperature is down at the end of oxidation, the compressive stress induced at the initially connected slim polysilicon patterns forces to be separated into two par…
Crystalline and amorphous thin films of tungsten(VI) oxide can be prepared by chemical vapor deposition using a variety of volatile precursors below 500 °C. Deposition parameters for preparation of WO3 films from tungsten hexacarbonyl [W(CO)6], tungsten hexafluoride (WF6), tungsten ethoxides [W(OEt)x, x = 5, 6] and te…
Summary The analysis of X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns by the Rietveld method was tested for characterizing quantitatively the mineralogical composition of a ferralitic soil from southern Mali. Quantitative analysis of two samples from this soil revealed kaolinite and quartz as major components and smaller amounts o…
The oxidation of Nicalon fibers is a concern, because of its potential as a reinforcement of high‐temperature composites, whose service conditions involve high‐temperature, oxidizing environments. Two limiting types of oxidation mechanisms are often used to describe the kinetics: chemical‐reaction‐controlled oxidation…
A special test fixture has been developed for fracture mechanical testing of brittle materials inside an environmental scanning electron microscope. The fixture loads a double cantilever beam specimen with pure bending moments and provides stable crack growth. Crack growth is detected by in situ observation and acoust…
In the far anodic regime, the anodic dissolution of silicon exhibits a resonant behavior, which results from an oscillating behavior on the microscopic scale. The interface has been investigated using in situ infrared spectroscopy in the strong oscillating regime. The interface oxide film varies in thickness by up to…
Abstract The effects of heating and cooling rates on the structure of N660 and N299 carbon black particles have been investigated using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray scattering, and the BET technique. Carbon blacks were kept at 2700 K for various lengths of time and next cooled down at different rates. The size of crystal…
The paper describes an evaluation of kinetic parameters for sintering from the analysis of stepwise isothermal dilatometry data for the pore‐forming process of macroporous alpha‐Al 2 O 3 ceramics fabricated by extrusion. The experimental results demonstrated that isothermal shrinkage data for the sintering process can…
The mechanism of heat aggregation of proteins proposed by the author involves the stage of irreversible denaturation, the stage of nucleation, and the stage of growth of aggregates. It was shown that the initial parts of the kinetic curves of aggregation followed by monitoring the increase in absorbance (A) or intensi…
Hi‐Nicalon/SiC minicomposite specimens containing three oxide interphase layers (amorphous SiO 2 , monoclinic ZrO 2 , and amorphous SiO 2 ) were prepared by chemical vapor deposition. The minicomposites exhibited graceful composite failure behavior with reasonable load‐carrying capability in room‐temperature tensile t…
Ellipsometric studies are generally carried out in the reflection mode rather than in the transmission mode, requiring invariably opaque substrates or substrates in which the backreflection is minimized or suppressed by different methods. In the present research we used a transmission and reflection photoellipsometry…
In this study the wound healing response of full-thickness skin defects was enhanced through the use of acidic fibroblast growth factor using a collagen scaffold. The objectives of this study were (1) to compare the facilitatory effects of acidic fibroblast growth factor on the cellular response (fibroblast, neutrophi…