Materials Literature
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When a liquid is cooled below its melting temperature, it usually crystallizes. However, if the quenching rate is fast enough, the system may remain in a disordered state, progressively losing its fluidity upon further cooling. When the time needed for the rearrangement of the local atomic structure reaches approximat…
Properties and potential applications of carbon nanotubes are summarized by emphasizing the aspects of nanoelectronics and nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). The main technologies for the assembly of nanodevices through nanomanipulations with scanning probe microscopes and nanorobotic manipulators are overviewed, f…
Surface-coated nanoparticles of LaF 3 and LaPO 4 doped with the luminescent trivalent lanthanide ions Eu 3+, Nd 3+, Er 3+, Pr 3+, Ho 3+, and Yb 3+ have been prepared. These ions emit in the visible and in the near-infrared part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The ions Nd 3+, Er 3+, Pr 3+, and Ho 3+ are the main focus…
The accumulation of reports on the puzzling behavior of guanidinium-rich oligo/polymers in bilayer membranes, reaching from HIV-Tat-like (HIV Tat is the human immunodeficiency virus transactivator of transcription) translocation to selectivity and voltage-gating of ion channels, prompted us to investigate possible con…
Nanostructural zinc oxide pins have been fabricated by vapor transport on copper-coated silicon wafer. The nanopins are composed of hexagonal wurtzite-phase zinc oxide with single crystal quality. The growth process includes two steps: (1) growth of a micron-sized zinc oxide dot on the substrate and (2) growth of a sh…
We evaluate the potential of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as the basis for a new nanoelectronic technology. After briefly reviewing the electronic structure and transport properties of CNTs, we discuss the fabrication of CNT field-effect transistors (CNTFETs) formed from individual single-walled nanotubes (SWCNTs), SWCNT b…
The anomalous properties of cold and supercooled water, such as the fact that at sufficiently low temperatures it becomes more compressible and less dense when cooled, and more fluid when compressed, have attracted the attention of physical scientists for a long time. The discovery in the 1970s that several thermodyna…
Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Eutectic growth in Al-51.6%wt Ge alloy has been investigated during free fall in a drop tube. With decreasing undercooling Δ T , the microstructural evolution has shown a transition from lamellar eutectic to anomalous eutectic. A maximum cooling rate of 4.2 × 10 4 K/s and undercooling of up to 240K (0.35 T E ) are obt…
Abstract Kinetics and thermodynamics of the process of internal nitridation of various nickel‐base alloys have been investigated in oxygen‐free nitrogen atmospheres. Furthermore, the influence of formation and spalling of a protective oxide scale on the internal nitridation behavior of the alloys was studied by isothe…
Photoluminescence (PL) from CdS nanoclusters formed in the matrix of a Langmuir-Blodgett film and from the same clusters with the matrix removed has been studied. The PL spectrum of clusters in the matrix has the form of a broad band (full width at half-maximum (FWHM) ∼ 0.6 eV) peaked at 2.4 eV. After removing the mat…
Aqueous solutions of poly(vinyl methyl ether) are experimentally studied at temperatures below the equilibrium freezing temperature of water. Earlier investigations of the peculiar phase behavior of PVME/water gave evidence of the existence of a molecular solvent/polymer complex in which (at most) two water molecules…
We report on the kinetic behavior of adsorption from solution of a family of triblock copolymers, copoly(ethylene oxide−propylene oxide-ethylene oxide) (PEO−PPO−PEO), on a gold surface modified by a methyl-terminated, self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of a long-chain alkanethiol (CH 3 (CH 2 ) 10 SH). We monitored the kin…
The thermal behavior of surfaces of polystyrene (PS) films of 80−100 nm thickness decorated with gold nanoclusters with radii ranging from 9 to 18 Å has been investigated by in situ X-ray reflectivity measurements. Recently, the embedding of tiny clusters driven by the large difference between the surface energies of…
Koaleszenz von Nanokügelchen innerhalb von 3D-Übergittern könnte die Bildung der ferromagnetischen monodispersen Cobalt-Nanostäbe einleiten, die aus [Co(η3-C8H13)(η4-C8H12)] in Gegenwart von Stearinsäure und Hexadecylamin entstehen. Die Selbstorganisation dieser Nanostäbe zu hexagonalen 2D- und 3D-Übergittern wurde mi…
This book was originally published in 2002. Elastic proteins occur in a wide range of biological systems where they have evolved to fulfil precise biological roles. The best known include proteins in vertebrate muscles and connective tissues, such as titin, elastin and fibrillin, and spider silks. However, other examp…
An effective method was developed for generation of insulating tubular boron nitride (BN)-sheathed nanostructures. ZnS nanowires and multilayered Si-SiO2 nanowires were successfully sheathed with insulating tubular BN-forming nanocables. Both the semiconductor nanowire cores and the BN sheaths are crystalline with wel…
Rational outer-sphere design can be used to optimize heterogeneous catalysts. Thus, imprinting of bulk silica was used to prepare tethered active sites with hydrophilic (1) and hydrophobic environments (2). In the Knoevenagel condensation of isophthalaldehyde with malonitrile, for example, 1 gave rate enhancements of…
Abstract Exposures were conducted of iron, nickel, ferritic 1‐18%Cr steels, austenitic 18%Cr‐9%Ni‐ and 20%Cr‐31%Ni‐steels and a 16%Cr‐Ni‐base alloy at 500°C in He‐30%H 2 O and 70%H 2 O‐30%NH 3 , to compare the corrosion behaviour of these materials in water vapor as in conventional power plants with their behaviour in…
Rationales Design der äußeren Oberfläche kann zur Optimierung von heterogenen Katalysatoren genutzt werden. Durch molekulares Prägen von Siliciumdioxid wurden so aktive Stellen mit hydrophilen (1) und hydrophoben Umgebungen (2) erzeugt. Die Knoevenagel-Kondensation von Isophthalaldehyd mit Malonitril verlief mit 1 etw…