Materials Literature
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Observation of stripe domains in PbTiO3 thin films using standard x-ray diffraction analysis at room temperature is discussed. High-quality c-axis oriented thin films of varying thickness, from 6 to 210 unit cells, were grown on buffered NH4–HF etched SrTiO3(001) and Nb:SrTiO3(001) substrates using off-axis radio freq…
We simulate unsteady nanoscale thermal transport at a solid-fluid interface by placing cooler liquid-vapor Ar mixtures adjacent to warmer Fe walls. The equilibration of the system towards a uniform overall temperature is investigated using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations from which the heat flux is also…
Pure and Co/Fe doped CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) ceramics were prepared by solid state reaction method. The electrical properties of ceramics were found to be dependent on the type of dopant materials. A multirelaxation mechanism should be considered for the common observed (50–200 K) dielectric relaxation of CCTO ceramic. In…
In this paper, we have developed a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation method for calculation of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of rough surfaces. The roughness structure is constructed in a finite element triangulated mesh by using a Gaussian function to describe the distribution of amplitude of the random rough p…
Electronic energy band structure of In-doped ZnO transparent conducting oxide was investigated by density functional calculations using local density approximation+Hubbard U (LDA+U) scheme. By systematically calculating the formation energies and transition energy levels of In atom and In-related complex in ZnO, it ha…
The density-of-state effective masses of impurity doped polycrystalline ZnO thin films were measured by the method of four coefficients technique. By applying the first-order non-parabolicity approximation, the polaron effective mass and the bare band mass at the conduction band minimum, together with the correspondin…
Giant sharp converse magnetoelectric (CME) coefficient of 11.9G∕V is obtained in a heterostructure formed by combining a Rosen-type 0.7Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3–0.3PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) piezoelectric single-crystal transformer with a CME laminated composite of a length-magnetized Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.92 (Terfenol-D) magnetostrictive alloy…
The speed of sound in a bubbly liquid is strongly dependent upon the volume fraction of the gas phase, the bubble size distribution, and the frequency of the acoustic excitation. At sufficiently low frequencies, the speed of sound depends primarily on the gas volume fraction. This effect can be audibly demonstrated us…
Abstract A nonaqueous dispersion of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was prepared with the use of polymeric ionic liquid (PIL) as a polymerization template and phase transfer medium. A detailed investigation was performed to understand the role of PIL in the course of polymerization and phase transfer reaction…
Using the calcium aluminosilicate system a glass was developed that exhibits fictive temperature-independent density by creating an intermediate glass between normal and anomalous glasses. Normal glass, such as soda-lime silicate glass, exhibits decreasing density with increasing fictive temperature while anomalous gl…
Abstract A novel triglyceride containing α,β‐unsaturated ketone was prepared through photoperoxidation from high oleic sunflower oil by two steps one pot environmentally friendly procedure. This new enone‐containing triglyceride was crosslinked with diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) via aza‐Michael addition. A kinetic stud…
Mn-doped BaTiO3 nanoparticles have been synthesized using a hydrothermal method. Phase composition, microstructure, and Raman spectroscopy analysis indicate that a double-phase structure containing both cubic and tetragonal structures can be obtained. Electron paramagnetic resonance and x-ray photoelectron spectroscop…
Femtosecond pulses are used to excite A1g optical phonons in Bi2Te3, Sb2Te3, and Bi2Te3/Sb2Te3 superlattice. Time-resolved reflectivity measurements show both the low-frequency and high-frequency components of A1g phonon modes. By comparing the phonon lifetime, it is found that the scattering rate (inverse of lifetime…
The physical properties of Cherenkov radiation (CR) are theoretically investigated for a charged particle traveling along the axis of a cylindrical waveguide filled with anisotropic double-negative metamaterials (DNMs). The reversed CR and CR conditions are obtained using analytical method. The influence of the partic…
We measure the number $\ensuremath{\Omega}(\ensuremath{\phi})$ of mechanically stable states of volume fraction $\ensuremath{\phi}$ of a granular assembly under gravity. The granular entropy $S(\ensuremath{\phi})=\mathrm{log}\ensuremath{\Omega}(\ensuremath{\phi})$ vanishes both at high density, at $\ensuremath{\phi}\…
Single-phase 9 at. % Cr-doped ZnO film has been prepared on Pt(111)/Ti/SiO2/Si(100) substrates by reactive sputtering method. The film is found to present ferroelectric and ferromagnetic behaviors simultaneously at room temperature, and it undergoes transitions to paraelectric and paramagnetic phases at ∼368–373 and ∼…
Scanning helium-ion microscopy (SHIM) offers high-resolution imaging at the subnanometer scale. We employ Monte Carlo simulations to show the characteristics of the beam-sample interaction involved in SHIM, and compare it with those of scanning electron microscopy and scanning gallium-ion microscopy. We discuss the el…
Transparent p-n heterojunctions composed of p-type NiO and n-type MgZnO thin films were fabricated on indium-tin-oxide-coated glass substrates by sol-gel spin coating technique. The p-n junctions exhibit typical current-voltage behaviors with good rectifying characteristics, and their electrical properties can be effe…
Motivated by recent studies on the use of graphene for new concepts of electronic/spintronic devices, the authors develop an efficient calculation method based on the nonequilibrium Green’s function to solve the quantum relativisticlike Dirac’s equation that governs the low-energy excited states in graphene. The appro…
The multiferroic properties of a laminated heterostructure consisting of magnetostrictive Ni2MnGa ribbon and piezoelectric lead-magnesium-niobate-lead titanate crystal are reported. A tunability of the electric field-induced magnetic field was measured by a shift in the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) field by 230 Oe at…