Materials Literature
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The crystallization of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) was investigated at conditions of constant supersaturation both in the absence and in the presence of synthetic maleic acid copolymers at 37C, 0.15 M NaCl. The dependence of the rates of COM crystallization in the absence of inhibitors was found to be second ord…
The influence of charge on diffusion in porous media was studied for fluorescent colloidal silica spheres diffusing in a porous glass medium. The bicontinuous porous silica glasses were optically matched with an organic solvent mixture in which both glass and tracers are negatively charged. Using fluorescence recovery…
Elastic electron scattering in XPS and AES vary considerably with depth of origin of emitted electrons. To account for this, we introduced in a recent paper a simple correction factor CF. The function CF is the ratio of emitted peak intensity from a layer of atoms located at a given depth in a solid calculated from th…
Ion-beam bombardment was developed as a substitute for mechanical rubbing of polyimide film as a noncontact liquid crystal (LC) alignment technique. The ion-beam technique was applied to a high-resolution thin-film-transistor-addressed liquid crystal display (TFT/LCD) panel. The results showed that LC alignment was ac…
A series of new soluble polyamides having isopropylidene- and methyl-substituted arylene ether moieties in the polymer chain were prepared by the direct polycondensation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethyl-2,2-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]propane (TBAPP) and various aromatic dicarboxylic acids in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) u…
Alumina continues to play an important role in the materials industry with the Bayer process still providing alumina after a 100 years of continuous processing. In addition to traditional applications of alumina, alumina is being advanced as a major part of the new frontier on nanophase materials and nanophase technol…
A theoretical study of the SiC 3 + isomers has been carried out, characterizing six different structures. Predictions for their geometries and vibrational frequencies have been made at both the MP2/6-31G* and B3LYP/cc-pVTZ levels. The nature of bonding in these isomers has been characterized by using Bader's topologic…
The structural inhomogeneities in a weakly charged gel consisting of ( N -isopropylacrylamide- co -acrylic acid) (NIPA−AAc) have been investigated by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) as a function of cross-linking density (CD) and temperature. The CD and temperature dependence of the scattered intensity profiles,…
Three species of the marine planktonic diatom genus Corethron are recognized, and compared in detail using light and electron microscopy. The confusion in the use of some of the names given to taxa in the past is clarified, mainly based on differences in the morphology of the hooked spines. The commonly used combinati…
Films of poly(vinyl alcohol), ∽2 nm thick, on silicon, copper and gold substrates were allowed to degrade for up to 800 min during monochromatized Al Kα XPS. Relative initial degradation rates of 1:∽33:∽41 were measured for the three substrates, consistent with their yield of photoelectrons and secondary electrons. Th…
The pitting behavior of a range of iron‐chromium thin film alloys which are sulfide‐free has been studied by electro‐chemical methods coupled with in situ optical microscopy. In 0.5 M HCl, iron‐chromium alloys with > ∼16 atom % chromium do not pit at any potential, whereas alloys with < ∼16 atom % chromium pit at appr…
The interactions of two lipophilic magnetic resonance imaging paramagnetic contrast agents, gadolinium complexes of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane- N -( n -pentyl)- N ‘, N ‘‘, N ‘‘‘-triacetic acid (Gd-DOTAP) and 3,6,9-triaza-3,6,9-tris(carboxymethyl)-4-(4-ethoxybenzyl)undecandicarboxylic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA), with model…
Indium-tin-oxide (ITO) is a transparent conducting material which is deposited as a thin film on glass substrates for use in opto-electronic devices. However, there are several applications for which ITO films on polymeric substrates are desirable. The sheet resistance, optical transmittance, and microstructure of as-…
Medical array ultrasonic probes using a 0.91Pb(Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -0.09PbTiO 3 (PZN-PT) single crystal exhibiting a high electromechanical coupling factor ( k 33 ) >90% have been studied in order to realize both a higher sensitivity and broader bandwidth properties. Pulse echo characteristics of the array probes, e…
Molecular chirality leads to a wonderful variety of equilibrium structures, from the simple cholesteric phase to the twist-grain-boundary phases, and it is responsible for interesting and technologically important materials like ferroelectric liquid crystals. This paper will review some recent advances in our understa…
The phase transition from an 'isotropic smectic phase' to the proper SmA* phase in a new photochromic chiral copolymer can be prevented by illumination with non-polarized white light of low intensity. On the basis of the effect observed, a novel photorecording technique is suggested, so that the shadow image appears a…
Recently it has been proposed that alkylsiloxane self-assembled monolayers on oxidized Si(100) decompose through C–C bond cleavage [G. J. Kluth, M. M. Sung, and R. Maboudian, Langmuir 13, 3775 (1991)]. To verify this desorption picture, pentadecyltrichlorosilane precursors with four deuterated carbon atoms at the end…
Three different examples have shown that nanoporous alumina membranes serve as ideal templates for the formation of nanostructured materials and also as a support of those materials in composites. The unique properties of such membranes (transparency, chemical resistivity, thermal stability, adjustable pore sizes etc.…
The spin-crossover behavior of bis{hydro-tris(1,2,4-triazolyl)borato}iron(II) is investigated in bulk and as a magnetically diluted sample in the solid state and in solution as a function of temperature by magnetic susceptibility measurements and differential scanning calorimetry. In aqueous solution the low-spin to h…
The phosphor powder ZnS:Cu,Al,Au has been investigated extensively as a possible green phosphor for field emission displays (FEDs). Phosphor powders of ZnS:Cu,Al,Au have been subjected to electron bombardment (1–5 keV) at oxygen pressures ranging from 1×10−7 to 2×10−6 Torr and different electron current densities (45–…