Materials Literature
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Coupling the Knudsen effusion method with mass spectrometry has proven to be one of the most useful experimental techniques for studying the equilibrium between condensed phases and complex vapors. The Knudsen effusion method involves placing a condensed sample in a Knudsen cell, a small enclosure, that is uniformly h…
A model previously developed by Petch enables an estimate of the impact transition temperature (ITT) of low carbon structural steels to be made from measurements of grain size and carbide thickness. In the present work, various laboratory heat treated and commercially processed structural steels were assessed in order…
The effects of inclusions on corrosion resistance of high-Cr-containing ferritic steels were studied using electrochemical tests (anodic polarization and electrochemical noise [EN]) and a ferric chloride (FeCl3) test in chloride solution. For this purpose, the inclusion type and size in the matrix was controlled by th…
La microscopie par contraste d'interference differentielle (DIC) permet d'obtenir des images des microfibrilles de cellulose dans la couche S2 des fibres de membrane secondaire delignifiees. L'utilite de cette methode microscopique simple de mesure de l'angle des microfibrilles (MFA) a ete validee par rapport a la dif…
Gel points, predicted using Ahmed-Rolfes-Stepto (ARS) theory and a Monte-Carlo (MC) simulation method accounting for intramolecular reaction, are compared with experimental data for polyester (PES)-, polyurethane (PU)- and poly(dimethyhl siloxane) (PDMS)-forming polymerisations. The PES and PU polymerisations were fro…
The pH dependence of the sonochemi-luminescence (SCL) of luminol at 141 kHz was investigated and compared to the effect of pH on its fluorescence emission intensity. From the fluorescence intensity, the pK a1 * and the pK a2 * values were determined to be 6.4 and 10.5 respectively, which was consistent with changes ob…
Abstract A unique way to dramatically enhance the brightness of single layer and stacked reflective cholesteric LCDs is shown. The LC aligning surfaces are treated to provide varying degrees of homogeneity while maintaining the bistability. The result is reflective displays with exceptionally high brightness approachi…
FERROELECTRIC LIQUID CRYSTALS -FLCs. A SYNTHETIC APPROACH. Synthetic methods used for the synthesis of the Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals (FLCs) will be considered with emphasis on the chiral synthesis methodologies and mesomorphic electrooptical properties.
The mechanical properties, namely, tensile modulus, maximum stress in tension and elongation at maximum stress of thermally point-bonded nonwoven fabrics with different bonding temperature have been evaluated. Image acquisition and analysis techniques have been used to quantify structural parameters such as fiber orie…
The companion article by Mark Allendorf highlights the importance of on-line CVD coating for flat glass manufacture. Two smaller, but fast growing, markets are those of precision optics and telecommunications. Both these markets are driven by the rapidly developing requirement for high throughputs. Current deposition…
Abstract This paper reports two related studies of the Form II → Form I crystal‐crystal transformation in isotactic polybutene‐1. First, it was found that in melt spun filaments, the rate of transformation is higher in filaments possessing higher levels of crystalline orientation. Second, we consider the occurrence of…
Barium ferrites are usually produced by the ceramic method. On the other hand, very fine particles with high chemical homogeneity can be obtained by wet methods, such as co-precipitation. In this work, barium ferrite powders were obtained by co-precipitation. The effects of Fe/Ba molar ratio, reagent addition order, p…
Abstract The matrix of the Pliocene volcaniclastics from the Akrotiri area of the Santorini island (Greece) is dominated by clinoptilolite. Smectite, occasionally illite-smectite, opal-CT, cristobalite and mordenite are also present. The clinoptilolite-rich samples were heated at 460 and 560°C for 12 h and the reducti…
We report the structural characteristics of a high-quality stable decagonal quasicrystal (D phase) with 1.6nm periodicity, formed in Al75Ni15Ru10 alloy annealed at 890°C for 24h. The tiling structure and the arrangement of transition-metal atoms (Ru and Ni) in this Al-Ni-Ru D phase have been clearly revealed by high-r…
Finite-size effects in Bi lines of cross section 3 μm×w, where w=8–120 μm, have been studied. The lines were made by optical lithography followed by electrodeposition. At T=5 K, the magnetoresistance (MR) decreases monotonically with decreasing line width of the Bi films, from 44 000% at w=120 μm to 4000% at w=8 μm in…
Tetracarboxylic dianhydrides bearing a polyalicyclic structure, bicyclo[2.2.1]-heptane-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic 2,3:5,6-dianhydrides (BHDA), bicyclo[2.2.2]-octane-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic 2,3:5,6-dianhydrides (BODA), (4arH,8acH)decahydro-1t,4t:5c,8c-dimethanonaphthalene-2,3,6,7-tetracarboxylic 2,3:6,7-dianhydrides (DNDA…
Two impact modifiers, based respectively on polybutadiene (PB) and poly(butyl acrylate-co-styrene) (PBA), are compared in blends with four glassy polymers: polycarbonate (PC), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (PSAN), and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). Dynamic mechanical tests show glass tr…
dc magnetization measurements, for zero-field cooled (MZFC) and field-cooled (MFC) cases, have been carried out for flash-evaporated Pd-doped NiMn thin films. These included reentrant phases (Ni76−xPdx)Mn24, for 0⩽x⩽5, and Ni75Mn23Pd2, a pure spinglass phase. The studies were performed over the temperature range 3–300…
The crystal structure of schwartzembergite from the San Rafael mine, Sierra Gorda, Chile, tetragonal, a 3.977(1), c 12.566(4) A, I 4/ mmm , has been refined to an R index of 1.8% based on 103 unique observed ( I > 5σ I ) reflections. Schwartzembergite is optically biaxial, but long-exposure precession photographs show…
The synthesis of Bisphenol A polycarbonate (PC) via melt transesterification of diphenyl carbonate and Bisphenol A in the presence of different catalysts was studied in a batch reactor. Low catalytic activity of dibutyltin oxide (Bu2SnO) did not allow high molecular weight PC to be obtained for an appropriate reaction…