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MODELING VACUUM-CONTACT DRYING OF WOOD: THE WATER POTENTIAL APPROACH

Maurice Defo、Alain Cloutier、Yves Fortin2000-09-01Drying Technology

A two-dimensional mathematical model for vacuum-contact drying of wood is presented. The moisture and heat equations are based on the water potential concept whereas the pressure equation is formulated considering unsteady state conservation equation of dry air. Most of the model parameters were determined during inde…

Wood Treatment and PropertiesAdditive Manufacturing and 3D Printing TechnologiesTextile materials and evaluations

Photosynthesis in the caves of Frasassi (Italy)

Mario Giordano、Francesco Mobili、Valerio Pezzoni 等 5 位作者2000-09-01Phycologia

Photosynthetic organisms inhabiting the caves of Frasassi (Italy) were identified and aspects of their strategy of acclimation to the cavern environment investigated. The habitats of the organisms were characterized with special reference to light, the inorganic carbon system and the availability of inorganic N, P and…

Marine Biology and Ecology ResearchSubterranean biodiversity and taxonomyDiatoms and Algae Research

Γ-Al 2 O 3 -Supported XMo 6 Anderson Heteropolyoxomolybdates: Adsorption Studies for X = Te VI , Al III , Co III , Cr III and Ni II by DR Spectroscopy and TPR Analysis

Carmen I. Cabello、Irma L. Botto、Franco M. Cabrerizo 等 5 位作者2000-09-01Adsorption Science & Technology

The support–overlayer adsorptive interactions, generated when solutions of Anderson heteropolyoxomolybdates were supported as a monolayer on γ-Al 2 O 3 by means of the equilibrium adsorption method, were studied by XRD analysis, DR spectroscopy, electron microscopy (SEM–EDAX) and TPR methods. The adsorption isotherms…

Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and ApplicationsCatalytic Processes in Materials SciencePolyoxometalates: Synthesis and Applications

TEM study of the mechanism of transformation of detrital kaolinite and muscovite to illite/smectite in sediments of the Salton Sea Geothermal Field

Giovanna Giorgetti、M. Pilar Mata、Donald R. Peacor2000-09-01European Journal of Mineralogy

The reaction by which kaolinite transforms to I-S has been studied by SEM and TEM using core samples from the Salton Sea Scientific Drilling Project. Kaolinite is abundant from the surface to a depth of ∼300 m (∼115°C), decreasing in abundance and becoming undetectable at a depth of ∼500 m (∼160°C), with a concomitant…

Groundwater and Isotope GeochemistryClay minerals and soil interactionsMine drainage and remediation techniques

Effects of Fe doping inLa0.67Sr0.33CoO3

Young Sun、Xiaojun Xu、Yuheng Zhang2000-09-01Physical review. B, Condensed matter

The effects of Fe doping in ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.67}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.33}{\mathrm{CoO}}_{3}$ has been studied by the measurements of magnetic, electrical transport, and magnetoresistance properties. It is found that no apparent structure change is introduced by Fe doping up to $x=0.3.$ But the Curie temperature ${T}_{c}$…

Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materialsRare-earth and actinide compoundsAdvanced Condensed Matter Physics

Novel polyunsaturated n‐alkenes in the marine diatom Rhizosolenia setigera

Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté、Stefan Schouten、W. Irene C. Rijpstra 等 7 位作者2000-09-01European Journal of Biochemistry

Four previously unknown n-C25 and n-C27 heptaenes of the marine diatom Rhizosolenia setigera were isolated and identified using NMR spectroscopy. They possess six methylene interrupted (Z)-double bonds starting at C-3 and an additional terminal or n-2 (Z)-double bond. Structural and stable carbon isotopic evidence sug…

Marine and coastal ecosystemsDiatoms and Algae ResearchIsotope Analysis in Ecology

Liquid crystalline properties of dissymmetric molecules IV. The substituent effect on thermal properties of nematic and smectic A phases in three aromatic ring systems with ester linkages

Meili Duan、Takeyasu Tasaka、H. Okamoto 等 5 位作者2000-09-01Liquid Crystals

This paper describes the effect of substituent and ester linkage on smectic properties for some derivatives of 4-R -phenyl 4-(4-octyloxybenzoyloxy)benzoates (1), 4-octyloxyphenyl 4-(4-R-benzyloxy)benzoates (2), 4-(4-octyloxybenzoyloxy)phenyl 4- R -benzoates (3), and 4-R-phenyl 4-octyloxyphenyl terephthalates (4) where…

Liquid Crystal Research AdvancementsPhotochemistry and Electron Transfer StudiesMolecular spectroscopy and chirality

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of a cytochrome P450 (CYP119) fromSulfolobus solfataricus

Sam‐Yong Park、Kazuhide Yamane、Shin‐ichi Adachi 等 6 位作者2000-09-01Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography

CYP119 is a cytochrome P450 with a molecular weight of 43 kDa which has been isolated from the thermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus. This enzyme is extremely stable to high temperature and high pressure. The first crystallization and preliminary crystallographic study of CYP119 is reported here. Crystals of C…

Computational Drug Discovery MethodsEnzyme Structure and FunctionBiochemical and Molecular Research

Uniplanar smectic phases in free-standing films

Barbara Rovšek、Mojca Čepič、B. Žekš2000-09-01Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics

Structures of various phases that appear in antiferroelectric liquid crystals can be described within a simple discrete phenomenological model of antiferroelectric liquid crystals, which for the smectic-C-alpha (SmC(alpha)) phase suggests a short-pitch helicoidal structure. In a paper presented here the same model is…

Liquid Crystal Research AdvancementsSurfactants and Colloidal SystemsMolecular spectroscopy and chirality

Crystal structure of Cr-mullite

R. X. Fischer、Hartmut Schneider2000-09-01American Mineralogist

A Rietveld refinement of Cr-doped mullite, Cr 0.5 Al 3.92 Si 1.58 O 9.79 , orthorhombic, space group Pbam [a = 7.56712(6) Å, b = 7.70909(6) Å, c = 2.90211(2) Å, V = 169.30 Å 3 ] revealed Cr to reside predominantly in the octahedrally coordinated M1 site. The mean M1-O distance of 1.935 Å is that expected from Al 3+ an…

Advanced ceramic materials synthesisMXene and MAX Phase MaterialsNuclear materials and radiation effects

Atomistic simulation of diffuse x-ray scattering from defects in solids

K. Nordlund、P. Partyka、R. S. Averback 等 5 位作者2000-09-01Journal of Applied Physics

Diffuse x-ray scattering is a powerful means to study the structure of defects in crystalline solids. The traditional analysis of diffuse x-ray scattering experiments relies on analytical and numerical methods which are not well suited for studying complicated defect configurations. We present here an atomistic simula…

Microstructure and mechanical propertiesIon-surface interactions and analysisX-ray Diffraction in Crystallography

Modeling domain mixing in semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks composed of poly(vinyl chloride) and 5% to 15% of crosslinked thermosets

Xiaoming Xu、Hossein Toghiani、Charles U. Pittman2000-09-01Polymer Engineering and Science

Abstract The nature of phase mixing in semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks (SIPNs) of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/thermoset blends was studied by using both the glass transition temperature third power composition equation and DMTA modeling. From 5% to 15% by weight of an oligomeric MDI isocyanate or a low viscosity…

Polymer crystallization and propertiesPolymer Nanocomposites and PropertiesPolymer composites and self-healing

Synthesis and aggregation behaviour of phthalocyanines substituted with flexible crown ether

İlke Gürol、Vefa Ahsen2000-09-01Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines

The synthesis of metal-free and metallo derivatives ( Ni , Zn ) of tetrasubstituted phthalocyanines (Pcs) obtained from 4-[methyleneoxy(15-crown-5)]phthalonitrile is described. The new compounds have been characterized by elemental analyses, IR, 1 H and 13 C NMR , MS and UV-vis. The thermal stabilities of the compound…

Magnetism in coordination complexesPorphyrin and Phthalocyanine ChemistryPhotochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry

A Heterodinuclear CoIICuI Complex with Co(salen) in a Macrocyclic Framework. Oxygenation Studies in Comparison with Analogous CuIICuI and CoIIPbII Complexes

M. Shinoura、Satoru Kita、Masaaki Ohba 等 6 位作者2000-09-01Inorganic Chemistry

A di(μ-phenoxo)Co II Cu I complex, [CoCu(L)]ClO 4 ·0.5DMF, has been prepared where (L) 2 - is a macrocyclic dinucleating compartmental ligand derived from the 2:1:1 condensation of 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol, ethylenediamine, and 3-thia-1,5-pentanediamine, having a salen-like N 2 O 2 metal-binding site (salen = N, N…

Magnetism in coordination complexesPorphyrin and Phthalocyanine ChemistryLanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes

Orientation Control of Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition-Bi4Ti3O12 Thin Film by Sequential Source Gas Supply Method

Takayuki Watanabe、Hiroshi Funakubo2000-09-01Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

C -axis-oriented Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 thin films were prepared on (111)Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /Si substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) using a sequential source gas supply method taking account of the crystal structure of Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 along the c -axis. The X-ray diffraction intensities of Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 (006…

Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric MaterialsPhotorefractive and Nonlinear OpticsElectronic and Structural Properties of Oxides

A study of the crystallization kinetics of Ge20Te80chalcogenide glass

M. Abu El-Oyoun2000-09-01Journal of Physics D Applied Physics

A bulk Ge 20 Te 80 glass was prepared using a melt-quench technique. The crystallization mechanism was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. DSC was performed at different heating rates under non-isothermal conditions. From the heating-rate dependenc…

Material Dynamics and PropertiesGlass properties and applicationsPhase-change materials and chalcogenides

The effects of dietary biotin supplementation on vertical fissures of the claw wall in beef cattle.

John Campbell、Paul R. Greenough、L. Petrie2000-09-01PubMed

A clinical field trial was performed on a herd of Hereford beef cows in central Saskatchewan. The herd had a history of being severely affected with vertical fissures. The objective of the study was to determine the effects of supplemental dietary biotin on the prevalence of vertical fissures in beef cows. In June 199…

Meat and Animal Product QualityTGF-β signaling in diseasesMetal Alloys Wear and Properties

Overdamped van Hove function of colloidal suspensions

Laura Yeomans-Reyna、Magdaleno Medina-Noyola2000-09-01Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics

The generalized-hydrodynamic theory for collective diffusion of a monodisperse colloidal suspension is developed in the framework of the Onsager-Machlup theory of time-dependent fluctuations. The time evolution of the intermediate scattering function F(k,t) is derived as a contraction of the description involving the…

Material Dynamics and PropertiesAdvanced Thermodynamics and Statistical MechanicsElectrostatics and Colloid Interactions

The tremolite-actinolite-ferro–actinolite series: Systematic relationships among cell parameters, composition, optical properties, and habit, and evidence of discontinuities

Jennifer R. Verkouteren、Ann G. Wylie2000-09-01American Mineralogist

Unit-cell parameters, optical properties, and chemical compositions have been measured for 103 samples in the tremolite-actinolite-ferro-actinolite series. The average values of the non-essential constituents are: T Al = 0.10(11), C Al = 0.06(6), B (Fe, Mn, Mg) = 0.09(7), B Na = 0.04(5), A Na = 0.09(9), and Cr, Ti, an…

Geological and Geochemical AnalysisCrystal Structures and PropertiesGeochemistry and Elemental Analysis

Amorphous Carbon Fibrilliform Nanomaterials Prepared by Chemical Vapor Deposition

Hirofumi Takikawa、Miki Yatsuki、Ryuichi Miyano 等 7 位作者2000-09-01Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

Carbon nanomaterials were prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and hot-filament CVD (HF-CVD) methods. The substrates were silicon <100 > and copper plates on which catalytic metal or metal-oxide thin films were coated by means of the cathodic arc deposition technique. Ethylene gas was used as a precursor.…

Carbon Nanotubes in CompositesGraphene research and applicationsDiamond and Carbon-based Materials Research