Materials Literature
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Dielectric properties of ferroelectric Pb(Fe 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 ceramics prepared using alkoxides were measured in the temperature 30-150 degrees C. The permittivity shows a broad maximum at the transition temperature T t and quadratic temperature dependence at temperatures above T t . The well saturated polarisation-ele…
Results are reported for the magnetic transitions in quasi-binary CeFe2 alloys with substitutions of Al or Mn on the Fe sites and substitutions of Y or U on the Ce sites. The transitions have been studied by magnetic susceptibility and electrical resistance measurements, and comparisons are made with previous work inv…
The influence of growth temperature on the interfacial abruptness of strained Ge layers, a few monolayers thick, embedded in Si has been studied using Raman spectroscopy to identify the presence of GeGe and GeSi bonds and medium energy ion scattering to characterize the spatial extent of the layers. Atomically sharp i…
Magnetoelastic measurements are performed in metallic glasses of composition (Fe0.79Co0.21)75+x. Si15−1.4xB10+0.4x (x = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10) by means of the resonance-antiresonance method. High values of k (magnetoelastic coupling coefficient) and of the ΔY effect are observed in some compositions, reaching 0.7 for k an…
We report on experimental evidence of the important role of phonon broadening in very small CdSSe crystallites. At low temperature, spectral hole burning is observed. These results are in agreement with the special conditions of quantum confinement and with the polar character of this semiconductor.
Synthetic diamonds that are grown using nickel or a nickel alloy as the solvent-catalyst contain 1.40 eV centres which are strongly segregated in the (111) growth sectors. Absorption and cathodoluminescence measurements made using polarising optics show that the dipole moment of the centre is preferentially aligned wi…
The optical parameters (namely, the complex dielectric tensor and refractive indexes) of sodium nitroprusside dihydrate (SNP), ${\mathrm{Na}}_{2}$[Fe(CN${)}_{5}$NO]\ensuremath{\cdot}2${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$O (orthorhombic, space group ${D}_{2h}^{12}$) in the infrared (ir) region 1550--2250 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensurema…
The diffuse x-ray scattering surrounding satellite reflections caused by charge-density waves has been measured at two different temperatures and analyzed in terms of phason scattering. From this analysis, the phason velocity has been obtained for all directions of propagation.
Simultaneous electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and optical absorption studies were carried out at room temperature in a Ge-doped silica fiber-optic waveguide following in situ ultraviolet (UV) irradiation with 254-nm (4.88-eV) photons. We have observed that the UV-induced EPR is directly correlated with the UV-ind…
The one-electron energy spectrum of a Penrose tiling lattice in a magnetic field is studied with a tight-binding Hamiltonian. We show the following remarkable results characteristic of a Penrose lattice. (1) The density of states in a magnetic field has a central peak with zero width at zero energy. It is shown that t…
Abstract The oxidative degradation of polybutadiene–styrene–acrylonitrile (ABS) copolymer was extensively investigated. Three factors were studied: the influence of ageing temperature on the rate of the oxidation of the copolymer; the efficiency of β‐carotene as chain breaking antioxidant; and the effect of butadiene…
Abstract Three vinyl monomers, 2,4,6‐trimethoxystyrene, 4‐( N,N ‐dimethylamino)styrene, and N ‐methyl‐2‐vinylpyrrole, were synthesized via the Wittig reaction from the corresponding aldehyes. These monomers were homopolymerized by radical polymerization using α,α′‐azoisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator at 60°C. The r…
Detailed measurements on the dc-voltage dependence of the Young's modulus E, shear modulus G, and their associated internal friction, in ${\mathrm{NbSe}}_{3}$ below both charge-density-wave (CDW) transitions, are reported. As for ${\mathrm{TaS}}_{3}$ [Phys. Rev. B 36, 2969 (1987)], the moduli decrease when the CDW bec…
Photoemission from O 2s--derived levels appears at binding energies (BE) between \ensuremath{\sim}14 and \ensuremath{\sim}33 eV. It has been investigated systematically by photoelectron spectroscopy with synchrotron radiation for a variety of oxygen-containing adsorbates on Pt(111), Ge(001), and Si(001) surfaces. On P…
Permanent magnetic materials containing the intermetallic compound Nd2Fe14C were obtained by annealing melt-spun flakes. As quenched flakes with compositions close to the stoichiometric composition consist of α-Fe, Nd2Fe17 with some dissolved carbon, and an amorphous phase. At approximately 700 °C Nd2Fe14C is formed i…
The Dzyaloshinski-Moriya (DM) anisotropic superexchange constant and the resulting electron-paramagnetic-resonance (EPR) linewidth in Mn-based II-VI-compound diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) such as ${\mathrm{Cd}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{Mn}}_{\mathrm{x}}$Te are calculated quantitatively. A…
A comprehensive review of diffusion phenomena in thin films and microelectronic materials - theory and technology. Contents include: Bulk Solids and Thin Films Anelastic Relaxation and Diffusion in Thin-Layer Materials Diffusion in Artificially Modulated Thin Films Diffusion and Growth in Oxide Films Diffusion Induced…
The dc electrical resistance of a polymer-graphite composite has been studied in high magnetic fields (<10 T) and at low temperatures for different concentrations of graphite. The resistivity of the composites for the high graphite concentrations was much greater (${>10}^{4}$) than that of pure graphite, and abo…
The temperature-dependent electronic structure of 1 T -TaS 2 near the Fermi level, determined by means of angle-resolved photoemission with high-energy resolution of 35 meV, exhibits a distinct energy gap associated with a metal-semiconductor transition at 180 K on cooling, whereas on warming up the retransformation o…
We report on molecular-dynamics simulations to determine the steady-state velocity versus temperature relation for (001) solidification and melting of silicon using the Stillinger-Weber potential to model the interactions between the silicon atoms. Down to 250 K of undercooling, the simulation values show good agreeme…