Materials Literature
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We establish the most general differential equations that are satisfied by the Fourier components of the electromagnetic field diffracted by an arbitrary periodic anisotropic medium. The equations are derived by use of the recently published fast-Fourier-factorization (FFF) method, which ensures fast convergence of th…
Nanosized tetragonal 3 mol% Y 2 O 3 ‐doped ZrO 2 powder was produced by hydrothermal precipitation from metal chlorides and urea sol followed by a washing–drying treatment and calcination. The effects on powder properties of powder washing by water and ethanol with subsequent centrifuging, with possible deagglomeratio…
The environment-assisted cracking (EAC) susceptibility of corrosion-resistant alloys (CRA) used in oil and gas production is reviewed. The alloy categories are limited to martensitic stainless steels, duplex stainless steels, austenitic stainless steels, and Ni-Cr-Mo alloys. The primary focus is hydrogen sulfide (H2S)…
Thin films of self-organizing diblock copolymers may be suitable for semiconductor applications since they enable patterning of ordered domains with dimensions below photolithographic resolution over wafer-scale areas. We investigate the process window for forming ordered arrays of nanoscale polymer domains in thin fi…
Epitaxial TiO 2 rutile films were fabricated on α-Al 2 O 3 (1012) substrate in the layer-by-layer fashion by laser molecular beam epitaxy. Ablation with a Co-doped TiO 2 target produced single phase of rutile film with the concentration of Co between 0 and 5%. Some ferromagnetic domain structures were observed in Co x…
Attachment of semiconductor quantum dots to living neurons utilizing antibody and peptide recognition molecules has been achieved. It is shown that peptide recognition molecules provide nanometer-scale control over the targeting and separation distance between the quantum dot and the cell. The Figure shows a fluoresce…
We have stacked subwavelength gratings (SWGs) on a single substrate to create a compact, integrated circular polarization filter. The SWGs consist of a wire grid polarizer and a broadband form-birefringent quarter-wave plate (QWP). Rigorous coupled-wave analysis was used to design the QWP for operation over the 3.5-5.…
Plasma-chemical modification is frequently used to improve the adaption of polymer surfaces to biological environments. In this regard amino functional groups play a key role. They provide an excellent basis for subsequent modifications with specific biomolecules. It would be of great value to get an amino functionali…
We consider solid particles attached to a liquid−fluid interface. If the solid−liquid−fluid contact line (at the particle surface) is undulated, the convex and concave local deviations of the meniscus shape from planarity can be treated as positive and negative capillary charges, which form capillary multipoles. Corre…
Bacteria (and possibly archaea) accelerate silica dissolution in the sea by colonizing and enzymatically degrading the organic matrix of diatom frustules. We tested whether colonizer species composition and ectohydrolase profiles critically control silicon regeneration by allowing diatom ( Thalassiosira weissflogii an…
We have revisited the still unresolved puzzle of the dispersion of the Raman disorder-induced D band as a function of laser excitation photon energy EL in graphite-like materials. We propose that the D mode is a combination of an optic phonon at the K point in the Brillioun zone and an acoustic phonon whose momentum i…
We present a new all-electron, augmented-wave implementation of the GW approximation using eigenfunctions generated by a recent variant of the full-potential LMTO method. The dynamically screened Coulomb interaction W is expanded in a mixed basis set which consists of two contributions, local atom-centered functions c…
Molecular dynamics simulations of supercooled polymer melts are reported for long chains. This is the first simulation study at melt densities where the formation of chain-folded structures resembling the lamellae of polymer crystals is observed. Crystallization and subsequent melting temperatures are related linearly…
The mechanical properties of Al 2 O 3 ‐based porous ceramics fabricated from pure Al 2 O 3 powder and the mixtures with Al(OH) 3 were investigated. The fracture strength of the porous Al 2 O 3 specimens sintered from the mixture was substantially higher than that of the pure Al 2 O 3 sintered specimens because of stro…
We focus on the central problem of discriminating between metallic and insulating behaviour in amorphous alloys formed between a semiconductor and a metal. For this, the logarithmic temperature derivative of the conductivity, w = d ln sigma / d ln T, has proved over recent years to be very helpful in determining the c…
Acetate and formate are major fermentation products of Escherichia coli. Below pH 7, the balance shifts to lactate; an oversupply of acetate or formate retards growth. E. coli W3110 was grown with aeration in potassium-modified Luria broth buffered at pH 6.7 in the presence or absence of added acetate or formate, and…
Wurtzite ZnO nanocrystals capped with trioctylphosphine oxide or alkylamines are synthesized and characterized. These ZnO nanocrystals can be made n-type either by electron transfer doping from reducing species in solution or by above band gap photoexcitation with a UV lamp. The n-type nanocrystals exhibit a strong in…
The theoretical infrared spectrum of kaolinite [Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 , triclinic] was computed using ab initio quantum mechanical calculations. Calculations were performed using the Density Functional Theory and the generalized gradient approximation. The low-frequency dielectric tensor of kaolinite was determined as…
We present an iterative method for the extraction of velocity and angular distributions from two-dimensional (2D) ion/photoelectron imaging experiments. This method is based on the close relationship which exists between the initial 3D angular and velocity distribution and the measured 2D angular and radial distributi…
The relationships between both extensive and intensive properties quantifying the magnetocaloric effect, i.e., between the isothermal entropy change and the adiabatic temperature change, respectively, have been analyzed. An extensive measure of the magnetocaloric effect alone, without considering another important and…