Materials Literature
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Abstract A simplified reaction pathway was proposed to describe the kinetic behavior of catalytic wet oxidation of organic mixture. The oxidation reactions were divided and lumped into two groups: (1) the deep or complete oxidation reactions with formation of CO 2 and H 2 O; (2) the partial oxidation reactions with fo…
A general framework for the physical description of partial discharge (PD) processes is presented that holds for different types of PD causing defects. A PD process is treated as a stochastic process consisting of short duration discharges (point-like in time) and charge carrier drift/recombination intervals between t…
The necessary condition of the active sites for the NO decomposition reaction on copper ion-exchanged ZSM-5-type zeolite (CuZSM5) has been investigated by using an adsorbed N2 species that is one of the products of the decomposition reaction of NO. Two dominant types of exchangeable sites in the CuZSM5 sample were ide…
A distance dependence study of the surface enhanced Raman effect has been performed using alkanethiol CH3(CH2)nSH self-assembled monolayers on top of rough silver surfaces. We found a decrease of the enhancement signal of the CH3 heads by a factor of 2, increasing the CH3–surface distance from 0.8 to 2.5 nm (n=5–17) a…
The aim of the study was to control the number of inertial cavitation bubbles in the focal area of an electromagnetic lithotripter in water independently of peak intensity, averaged intensity or pressure waveform. To achieve this, the shockwave pulses were applied in double pulse sequences, which were administered at…
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements have been used as a microscopic probe of the static and dynamic behavior of unstretched and stretched films of complexes. The stretched sample was previously reported to exhibit a fivefold increase in the ionic conductivity at ambient temperatures. The NMR data indicate th…
Polarizing microscope textures of the twist grain boundary A* (TGBA*) phase are reviewed for two different compounds in different geometries with different surface treatments giving monostable planar and homeotropic boundary conditions. The textures are discussed in the light of the helical structure of the TGBA* phas…
Adsorption of NO on Co-ZSM-5 leads to formation of Co2+(NO)2 dinitrosyls [νs(NO) at 1895 cm-1 and νas(NO) at 1812 cm-1], Co3+–NO linear species [ν(NO) at 1950 and 1937 cm-1] and NO+ occupying cationic zeolite positions [ν(NO) at 2133 cm-1]. The NO+ and Co3+–NO species are of low stability and can be removed by evacuat…
Tetrahedral pentaerythritol tetrabenzoates with semi-fluorinated alkyl chains have columnar liquid-crystalline phases with dramatically enhanced mesophase stabilities compared to the parent hydrocarbon derivatives.
A theoretical density functional study of the exchange coupling has been carried out for binuclear copper(II) compounds with oxamidate and related bridging ligands: oxalate, oxamate, ethylenetetraamidate, dithiooxamidate, dithiooxalate, tetrathiooxalate, bipyrimidine and bisimidazole. Model calculations have been used…
The rutile TiO2(110) (1×1) surface is considered the prototypical ‘well-defined’ system in the surface science of metal oxides. Its popularity results partly from two experimental advantages: (i) bulk-reduced single crystals do not exhibit charging, and (ii) stoichiometric surfaces, as judged by electron spectroscopie…
The rare earth vanadate TbVO4, undergoes a crystallographic phase transition below 33 K induced by a cooperative Jahn-Teller effect. Twinning of the crystal occurs upon this transition from the tetragonal high temperature phase to the orthorhombic low temperature phase resulting in a domain structure. Single crystal x…
The synthesis of p-tert-butyltetramercaptotetrathiacalix[4]arene 1 bearing eight sulfur atoms was achieved in high overall yield (80%); the synthetic strategy used was based on the synthesis of p-tert-butyltetrathiacalix[4]arene 2, treatment of the latter with N,N-dimethylthiacarbamoyl chloride under mild conditions,…
The oxozirconium clusters Zr6O2(OPr)16(OOC–C10H6O)2(PrOH)2 and Zr10O6(OH)4(OOC–C6H4OH)8(OOC–C6H4O)8· 6 PrOH were obtained in quantitative yield, when Zr(OPr)4 was reacted with a 10-fold excess of 1-hydroxy-β-naphthoic acid and salicylic acid, respectively. The naphthoate-substituted cluster has a rather open structure…
The mesoporous silica molecular sieve MCM-41 can be obtained in a highly ordered form with various pore diameters if micelle packing is suitably controlled with a mixture of n-alkyltrimethylammonium bromide and n-alkyltriethylammonium bromide according to the length of the C12–C22 alkyl groups.
This paper summarizes the result of the questionnaire on current status of non-ceramic (composite) insulators in the world conducted by the Non-ceramic (composite) Insulators Technical Committee, Japan. Current use status, reasons for use, maintenance, failure occurrence and research activity of 16 responding utilitie…
The dependence of macropore formation in n‐silicon on substrate orientation was investigated. Samples were cut from a large crystal in various orientations between {100} and {111}. Macropores were obtained by electrochemical etching in diluted following standard techniques. The growth direction of the macropores was f…
The stochastic differential equations for a model of dissipative particle dynamics, with both total energy and total momentum conservation at every time step, are presented. The algorithm satisfies detailed balance as well as the fluctuation–dissipation theorems that ensure that the proper thermodynamic equilibrium ca…
Potassium sulfate was crystallized in a seeded batch cooling crystallizer with no temperature control or natural cooling. Above a critical seed concentration, uni-modal product of grown seeds was obtained even under a natural cooling mode with practically no nucleation. This ideal growth of seed crystals is contrary t…
The new [Ti17O24(OPri)20] cluster 1, that can be described as a non-charged lacunar super-Keggin complex, adopts a pseudo-D2d symmetry as established by X-ray diffraction and solution NMR studies.