Materials Literature
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In this short article, we draw attention to the pioneering studies of Daniel Vorlander, who lived from 1867 to 1941 and worked in Halle, Germany between 1890 and 1935. The number and range of compounds synthesized under his guidance are truly vast, but much of his work is hidden away in Doctoral theses. All of these d…
Polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) are materials composed of liquid crystal microdroplets dispersed in a polymer matrix. Their electro-optic properties make them useful for applications as large-area electrically switchable architectural windows (smart windows). For these applications, the key parameters of per…
The metallocene-catalyzed syndiospecific synthesis of the new homopolymer of p - n -butylstyrene and its random copolymers with styrene is reported. The crystalline morphology of the resulting polymers is studied by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM), wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), differential scanning calor…
An overall strategy for phase equilibrium calculations within chemically reacting multicomponent nonideal systems is presented. The strategy involves three stages and employs an indirect method to determine the phase configuration of the reacting system at equilibrium. The latter is based on an existing technique for…
The temperature evolution of the optical absorption spectra of A2BX4 type compounds with an organic cation have been analyzed. It was shown that the fundamental absorption edge in these materials possesses an exponential shape following the empirical Urbach rule due to the occurrence of the electron–(exciton–)phonon i…
Atactic polystyrene of M = 330,000 Da and Mw/Mn = 1.04 was subjected to chloromethylation. By the heating of chloromethylpolystyrene with SnCl4 in a very dilute solution in ethylene dichloride, the polymeric coils were converted into intramolecularly hypercrosslinked macromolecules, nanosponges, of molecular weight of…
The stress-strain behaviour of two Ni-Ti and two Copper Ni-Ti orthodontic wires was examined in induced torsion under controlled conditions of moment and temperature. The tests clearly demonstrate the diversity of behaviour of these wires. The loading and unloading curves and plateau regions were found to be closely r…
The spectral dependence of the angular distributions of photoelectrons produced by the single-photon detachment of ${\mathrm{Al}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}},$ ${\mathrm{Si}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}},$ and ${\mathrm{P}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ ions has been measured at five discrete photon wavelengths ranging from 4…
We have used resonance-Raman scattering to study the effects of hydrostatic pressure (to 80 kbar) on polyiodide chain vibrations in iodine-doped poly(vinyl alcohol) films. Two strong fundamental bands are observed along with overtone and combination bands. The low-energy band at 107 cm -1 is attributed to symmetric st…
We present a study of the effect of oscillatory shear on the crystallization of supercooled water in nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of simple water models. [The TIP4P model has been used throughout; calculations using the extended simple point charge (SPC/E) model were checked for consistency and gave q…
Abstract EXXPOL® metallocene catalyst technology featuring very high‐productivity catalyst systems is expected to provide ethylene polymer compositions that show excellent oxidative stability based on their minimal unsaturation content and low innocuous metal residue of a non‐acidic nature. Metallocene ethylene polyme…
[(PPh(3))(2)N][Au(SH)(2)] reacts with CS(2) in acetone to give [(PPh(3))(2)N](2)[Au(2)(CS(3))(2)] (1) which reacts with iodine (1:1) or PhICl(2) (1:1) to give 2 or 2', which is an equimolar mixture of the gold(III) complex [(PPh(3))(2)N][Au(CS(3))(2)] (3) and [(PPh(3))(2)N][AuX(2)] (X = I, Cl). These mixtures decompos…
Abstract The thermal decomposition behavior of hydrotalcite-like compounds (HTlcs) prepared by reconstruction of calcined HTlcs is described. From the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), it seems that dicarboxylate intercalates of HTlc calcined at 500 °C are completely reconstructed to Mg-Al-CO 3 HTlc by exposure to a…
Abstract Depletion and structural interactions between dilute, large, nearly hard‐sphere colloidal particles in a fluid dispersion containing much smaller nearly hard spheres were investigated as a function of small‐particle concentration in sedimentation experiments. It shows that low concentrations of fine particles…
Abstract. Aluminium is used extensively in the transportation, architecture, electronic and packaging industries. Aluminium presents particular characteristics such as low density, high ductility and a highly protective natural oxide film. However, formability, corrosion resistance, weldability, adhesion and surface a…
Molecular dynamics simulations and theoretical calculations are used to study the static structure and dynamic properties of the liquid alkaline earths near their melting points. Where possible, comparison with experiments lends support to the reliability of the potentials used. On the other hand, comparison between t…
In the course of refining atomic protein structures, one often encounters difficulty with molecules that are unusually flexible or otherwise disordered. We approach the problem by combining two relatively recent developments: simultaneous refinement of multiple protein conformations and highly constrained refinement.…
The syntheses of Cu(PO 3 ) 2 , Cu 2 P 2 O 7 , Cu 4 P 2 O 9 , Cu 5 P 2 O 10 , Cu 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , and Cu 2 PO 4 were accomplished by several new solid‐state routes. Attempts to synthesize CuPO 3 were unsuccessful, and it is suspected that this compound, which is reported in the literature, may not exist. The thermal stabi…
Defines the purpose of this research as to design a coverall for fire fighting, with special emphasis on sizing and fit to maximize wearer comfort and mobility, as well as incorporate design features which would improve the functionality of the garment. Uses a structured functional apparel design approach to develop g…
The accommodation of In2O3 in the ZnO wurtzite structure was investigated using a combination of atomistic simulation and HREM techniques. At low concentrations, indium ions are incorporated on zinc sites with creation of zinc vacancies to maintain charge neutrality; defect clustering involving two indium substitution…