Materials Literature
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In Ba(Ti 1- x Sn x )O 3 solid solution, for Sn concentration x ≤0.1, the permittivity follows the Curie-Weiss law above the Curie point T c . The increase in the peak value of the permittivity at T c is due to the change in ferroelectric transition from first order to second order with increasing x . For x >0.1, so…
A nanocomposite comprised of conductive poly(aniline) chains interleaved between the layers of sol‐gel derived displays desirable properties as a positive electrode in a Li battery. The reversible capacity of (after mild oxygen treatment) is higher than the xerogel at intermediate discharge/charge rates at constant cu…
Using multi-ion interatomic potentials derived from first-principles generalized pseudopotential theory, we have studied ideal shear strength, point defects, and screw dislocations in the prototype bcc transition metal molybdenum (Mo). Many-body angular forces, which are important to the structural and mechanical prop…
The dynamics of fluid flow through nanomachines is different from in other systems in that the flow is granular (no continuum assumption) and that the `walls' move. We have performed molecular dynamics simulations of the flow of helium and argon inside carbon (graphite) nanotubes of several sizes. The fluid was starte…
In this study a phenomenological constitutive model is proposed to describe the finite, nonlinear, viscoelastic behavior of glassy polymers up to the yield point. It is assumed that the deformation behavior of a glassy polymer up to the yield point is completely determined by the linear relaxation time spectrum and th…
The effect of heat treatment on the grain size, phase assemblage, and mechanical properties of a 3 mol% Y‐TZP ceramic was investigated. Specimens were initially sintered for 2 h at 1450°C to near theoretical density; some specimens were then heat‐treated at 1550°, 1650°, 1750°, or 1850°C to coarsen the microstructure.…
Authigenic minerals play an important role in the preservation of most soft-bodied fossils. The greatest detail is preserved in apatite (calcium phosphate) but its precipitation is usually inhibited by the high concentrations of HCO 3 - in aqueous settings. Nonetheless, investigations of soft-bodied biotas have reveal…
Partial discharges (PDs) occur in the air-filled gaps of enameled wires that are touching. They erode the insulation and consequently lead to an interturn breakdown. This paper describes the failure mechanism of low voltage interturn insulation as a consequence of PDs and shows why and how it is influenced by the insu…
Twenty-one 〈110〉 symmetric tilt grain boundaries (GB's) are investigated with atomistic simulations, using an embedded-atom method (EAM) potential for a low stacking-fault energy fcc metal. Lattice statics simulations with a large number of initial configurations are used to identify both the equilibrium and metastabl…
A novel monoclonal antibody has been developed that reacts strongly with human prostatic cancer, especially tumors of high grade. This antibody (7E11C-5) is currently in Phase 3 trials as an imaging agent for metastatic disease. We have cloned the gene that encodes the antigen that is recognized by the 7E11C-5 monoclo…
The structural properties of ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3+\ensuremath{\delta}}$ have been studied using neutron powder diffraction as a function of both Sr doping ($0<~x<~0.225$) and oxygen partial pressure during synthesis [2.1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${1…
ABSTRACT Oxygen permeability coefficients (OP), water vapor permeability coefficients (WVP), ethylene permeability coefficients (EP), tensile strength (TS) and percent elongation (%E) at break values were determined for chitosan films plasticized with glycerin at two concentrations (0.25 and 0.50 mL/g chitosan). Film…
Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Jonathan Bender, Norman J. Wagner; Reversible shear thickening in monodisperse and bidisperse col…
Perovskite compositions in the system La{sub 1{minus}x}M{sub x}Co{sub 1{minus}y}Fe{sub y}O{sub 3{minus}{delta}} (M = Sr, Ba, Ca) exhibited high electronic and ionic conductivity. Substantial reversible weight loss was observed at elevated temperatures as the materials became increasingly oxygen deficient. This loss of…
Abstract A chiral Schiff's base/aluminium alkoxide initiator bearing a ligand derived from R ‐(+)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl‐2,2′‐diamine was synthesized and used for the stereoelective polymerization of rac ‐( D , L )‐lactide. Rather high stereoelectivity is observed: a polymer with 88% enantiomeric enrichment in D units is obt…
Stretched exponential relaxation, , fits many relaxation processes in disordered and quenched electronic and molecular systems, but it is widely believed that this function has no microscopic basis, especially in the case of molecular relaxation. For electronic relaxation the appearance of the stretched exponential is…
The recent reformulation of the coupled-wave method by Lalanne and Morris [ J. Opt. Soc. Am. A13, 779 ( 1996)] and by Granet and Guizal [ J. Opt. Soc. Am. A13, 1019 ( 1996)], which dramatically improves the convergence of the method for metallic gratings in TM polarization, is given a firm mathematical foundation in t…
An investigation was made of the relationships governing the cumulative effect in optical damage to lead silicate glasses under irradiation conditions such that multiphoton excitation and coloration were detected reliably in experiments based on changes in the transmission and on the formation of colour centre tracks.…
A review is given of crystallographic, magnetic and electric properties of lanthanum manganites and related materials with a giant magnetoresistance (GMR). An analysis of experimental data for partially substituted manganites shows that if the spontaneous magnetic moment is unsaturated, the material is being in a phas…
Checklist of useful features. Illustrated guide to cell shapes and measurements, chloroplast features and colony types. Preliminary key. Genera included in subsequent group keys. Keys to species within groups. Generic accounts with ecological notes on species in this key.